5 Marks Question

Question 15 Marks

What are rights and why are they important? What are the bases on which claims to rights can be made?

Answer

Rights are primarily those state-recognised claims that every individual regards to be necessary for leading a life of respect and dignity. These are essentially a justified claim or an entitlement.
Rights are important as they help individuals to develop their capacity to reason, develop their skills and enable them to make informed choices in life.

The bases on which claims to rights can be made are:

The representation of conditions that individuals collectively see as a source of self-respect and dignity.
The necessity for every individual’s well being.

Question 25 Marks

On what grounds are some rights considered to be universal in nature? Identify three rights which you consider universal. Give reasons.

Answer

Some rights are considered to be universal in nature on the grounds to be equally important for all human beings who live in a society.The following three rights can be identified as universal:

The right to livelihood.
Right to freedom of expression.
Right to education.

Reasons:

Economic independence is the most important dignity in one’s life and considered necessary for leading a life of respect and dignity across the world.
Right to freedom of expression provided an opportunity to be creative and original in any field of one’s choice. And government also comes to know of its failure and success.
Right to education develops capacity to improve useful skills and to enable citizen to make choices in life, hence it can be designated as a universal right.

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Question 35 Marks

Differentiate between political, economic and cultural rights. Give examples of each kind of right.

Answer

Political rights are those rights that ensure equality before law and the right to participate in the political process. Right to contest election is a political right.
Economic rights are those rights that ensure the entitlement of basic needs of food, shelter etc.
Economic rights helps in fulfilling the political rights. Right to minimum wage is an economic right.
Cultural rights are given to citizens to preserve their culture, its essence and its dignity.
Political rights and economic rights help in ensuring cultural rights for citizens. Right to establish institutions to preserve one’s language is a cultural right.

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Question 45 Marks

Rights place some limits on the authority of the state. Explain with examples.

Answer

No doubt we need the support of government to make our rights available to us. The support of government and law, make our right accessible to us, i.e. if we need one right to education, the state makes the provision for basic education.
Right to life obliges the state to make laws to protect from being injured by others. A society can expect the state to pursue policies to provide clean environment to be essential for good quality food.
Rights not only indicate what a state must do,they also suggest what a state must refrain from doing, i.e. the state cannot simply arrest any person as per own will, the state is supposed to give proper reasons for curtailing one’s liberty before a judicial court.
Right ensure that the authority of state is exercised without violating the sanctity of individual life and property.

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Question 55 Marks

Discuss briefly some of the new rights claims which are being put forward in our country today for example the rights of tribal people to protect their habitat and way of life, or the rights of children against bonded labour.

Answer

The claim of rights of tribal people to protect their habitat and way of life has emerged with the new conception of a secure and respectful life of individuals along with preserving their traditional way of life and access to resources.
This is a result of change in society and its beliefs and providing special provisions or rights to people to protect indigenous culture.
Tribal people are given rights to own a part of land of the forest to which they belong.
They are given special facilities in education, job, medicine etc. so that they can compete with the rest of the society on equal terms.
The rights of children against bonded labour are necessary to prevent their exploitation and ensure a safe childhood for them.
The right to education is a new right given in the Indian Constitution.
This right helps in preventing the violation of the basic right of children to education.
Right to information is a new right that helps the citizens to know the status or the procedure of the services that they are entitled to receive.

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Political Science 5 Marks Question

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