Sociology 2 Marks Question

The tendency for observers who are aware of the hypothesis under test to see and record what might be expected, rather than what actually happens. To guard against this, we can use observers who have no knowledge of the predictions being made.

A way of thinking or behaving that is considered appropriate and proper within a particular society, and most members of that society adhere to. Compliance with the social norms of a society may lead to acceptance by societal members, non-compliance to rejection.

Social scientists generally confine themselves to three major sources of historical information:

1. Documents and personal accounts.
2. Materials of culture history.
3. Personal sources of authentic observers and witnesses.

When a statement is logically correct; so that one's reasoning follows logically from one's own premises is called validity.

The main focus is on:

1. The way social institution helps to maintain order and continuity in social life.
2. The way structural arrangements in society influence behaviours.

1. To compare social processes of past and present.
2. To see how we are developing.
3. To see what issues are popular in present day society.

A type of interview in which the interviewer asks questions spontaneously, rather than sticking to scripted questions. This allows the interviewer to pursue issues that arise during the interview. In this way, interview is guided by the responses given by the respondent (person being interviewed).

To study a problem through the collection and/ or analysis of data is called research. Psychologists more usually use the term to refer to an investigative process such as the experiment or the case study.

'Self-reflexivity' or 'reflexivity' is a technique to deal with the problem related to objectivity in social science and is closely related to empathy. In this, the social scientist views different opinions of the people in an unbiased or a neutral manner. Attaining objectivity is a difficult and complicated task in social science therefore, reflexivity becomes very important to carry out social research.
There are different schools of thought within the subject of sociology that study issues from different perceptions and ideologies. At these places the sociologist uses reflexivity.