M.C.Q (1 Marks)

MCQ 11 Mark

Match List $I$ with List $II$ :

List $I$	List $II$
$A.$ $\alpha-I$ antitrypsin	$I.$ Cotton bollworm
$B.$ Cry $\mathrm{IAb}$	$II.$ $ADA$ deficiency
$C.$ Cry IAc	$III.$ Emphysema
$D.$ Enzyme replacement therapy	$IV.$ Corn borer

Choose the correct answer form the options given below:

A
$A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV$
✓
$ A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II$
C
$A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III$
D
$ A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III$

Answer

Correct option: B.

$ A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II$

b
The correct answer is option ($2$) as

$\alpha-I$ antitrypsin $\rightarrow$ Is used for treatment of Emphysema

Cry I Ab gene $\rightarrow$ Controls corn borer

Cry I Ac gene $\rightarrow$ Controls cotton bollworms

Enzyme replacement therapy $\rightarrow$ Can be used as treatment option in $ADA$ deficiency.

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MCQ 21 Mark

Which of the following are fused in somatic hybridization involving two varieties of plants?

A
Somatic embryos
✓
Protoplasts
C
Pollens
D
Callus

Answer

Correct option: B.

Protoplasts

b
Protoplast of two varieties of plants are fused in somatic hybridization.

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MCQ 31 Mark

The capacity to generate a whole plant from any cell of the plant is called:

A
Micropropagation
B
Differentiation
C
Somatic hybridization
✓
Totipotency

Answer

Correct option: D.

Totipotency

d
Totipotency is defined as the capacity to generate a whole plant from any cell of the plant.

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MCQ 41 Mark

Given below are two statements:

Statement $I$ : Bt toxins are insect group specific and coded by a gene cry $IAc$.

Statement $II$ : Bt toxin exists as inactive protoxin in B. thuringiensis. However, after ingestion by the insect the inactive protoxin gets converted into active form due to acidic $\mathrm{pH}$ of the insect gut.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A
Both Statement $I$ and Statement $II$ are false
✓
Statement $I$ is true but Statement $II$ is false
C
Statement $I$ is false but Statement $II$ is true
D
Both Statement $I$ and Statement $II$ are true

Answer

Correct option: B.

Statement $I$ is true but Statement $II$ is false

b
The correct answer is option ($2$) as specific Bt toxin genes were isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis and incorporated into the several crop plants such as cotton. The choice of genes depends upon the crop and the targeted pest as most Bt toxins are insect-group specific. The toxin is coded by a gene named cry. There are a number of them, for example, the proteins encoded by the genes cry $IAc$ and cry $\|Ab$ control the cotton bollworms, that of cry $IAb$ controls corn borer.

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MCQ 51 Mark

Which one of the following techniques does not serve the purpose of early diagnosis of a disease for its early treatment?

A
Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay $(ELISA)$ technique
✓
Serum and Urine analysis
C
Recombinant DNA Technology
D
Polymerase Chain Reaction $(PCR)$ technique

Answer

Correct option: B.

Serum and Urine analysis

b
The correct answer is option (3) because using conventional methods of diagnosis like serum and urine analysis, etc, do not help in early diagnosis. Recombinant DNA technology, Polymerase Chain Reaction [PCR] and Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) are some of the techniques that serve the purpose of early diagnosis.

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MCQ 61 Mark

Statements related to human Insulin are given below. Which statement(s) is/are correct about genetically engineered Insulin?

$(a)$ Pro-hormone insulin contain extra stretch of C-peptide

$(b)$ A-peptide and B-peptide chains of insulin were produced separately in E.coli, extracted and combined by creating disulphide bond between them.

$(c)$ Insulin used for treating Diabetes was extracted from Cattles and Pigs.

$(d)$ Pro-hormone Insulin needs to be processed for converting into a mature and functional hormone.

$(e)$ Some patients develop allergic reactions to the foreign insulin.

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

✓
$(b)$ only
B
$(c)$ and $(d)$ only
C
$(c),(d)$ and $(e)$ only
D
$(a),(b)$ and $(d)$ only

Answer

Correct option: A.

$(b)$ only

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MCQ 71 Mark

In gene therapy of Adenosine Deaminase $(ADA)$ deficiency, the patient requires periodic infusion of genetically engineered lymphocytes because

A
Gene isolated from marrow cells producing $ADA$ is introduced into cells at embryonic stages
B
Lymphocytes from patient's blood are grown in culture, outside the body.
✓
Genetically engineered lymphocytes are not immortal cells.
D
Retroviral vector is introduced into these lymphocytes.

Answer

Correct option: C.

Genetically engineered lymphocytes are not immortal cells.

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MCQ 81 Mark

Transposons can be used during which one of the following?

✓
Gene silencing
B
Autoradiography
C
Gene sequencing
D
Polymerase Chain Reaction

Answer

Correct option: A.

Gene silencing

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MCQ 91 Mark

The Adenosine deaminase deficiency results into:

✓
Dysfunction of Immune system
B
Parkinson's disease
C
Digestive disorder
D
Addison's disease

Answer

Correct option: A.

Dysfunction of Immune system

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MCQ 101 Mark

For effective treatment of the disease, early diagnosis and understanding its pathophysiology is very important. Which of the following molecular diagnostic techniques is very useful for early detection?

A
Western Blotting Technique
B
Southern Blotting Technique
✓
$ELISA$ Technique
D
Hybridization Technique

Answer

Correct option: C.

$ELISA$ Technique

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MCQ 111 Mark

Now a days it is possible to detect the mutated gene causing cancer by allowing radioactive probe to hybridise its complimentary $DNA$ in a clone of cells, followed by its detection using autoradiography because :

A
mutated gene partially appears on a photographic film.
B
mutated gene completely and clearly appears on a photographic film.
✓
mutated gene does not appear on a photographic film as the probe has no complimentarity with it.
D
mutated gene does not appear on photographic film as the probe has complimentarity with it.

Answer

Correct option: C.

mutated gene does not appear on a photographic film as the probe has no complimentarity with it.

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MCQ 121 Mark

With regard to insulin cheose correct options.

$(a)$ $C-$peptide is not present in mature insulin.

$(b)$ The insulin produced by $rDNA$ technology has $C-$peptide.

$(c)$ The pro-insulin has $C-$peptide.

$(d)$ $A-$peptide and $B-$peptide of insulin are interconnected by disulphide bridges.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

A
$(b)$ and $(d)$ only
B
$(b)$ and $(c)$ only
✓
$(a), (c)$ and $(d)$ only
D
$(a)$ and $(d)$ only

Answer

Correct option: C.

$(a), (c)$ and $(d)$ only

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MCQ 131 Mark

Match the following techniques or instruments with their usage:

Column - $I$	Column - $II$
$(a)$ Bioreactor	$(i)$ Separation of DNA fragments
$(b)$ Electrophoresis	$(ii)$ Production of large quantities of products
$(c)$ $PCR$	$(iii)$ Detection of pathogen, based on antigen-antibody reaction
$(d)$ $ELISA$	$(iv)$ Amplification of nucleic acids

Select the correct option from following:

A
$( a )-( ii ),( b )-( i ),( c )-( iii ),( d )-( iv )$
B
$(a)-(iii), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)$
✓
$(a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii)$
D
$( a )-( iv ),( b )-( iii ),( c )-( ii ),( d )-( i )$

Answer

Correct option: C.

$(a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii)$

c
The correct answer is option (3) as (a) in column i.e. bioreactor matches with (ii) production of large quantities of products.

Electrophoresis is used for separation of DNA fragments $so ,$ (b) matches with (i)

PCR is polymerase chain reaction that is employed for amplification of nucleic acids, so
(c) matches with (iv).

ELISA stands for enzyme linked İmmunosorbent assay and it is used for detection of pathogen based on antigenantibody interaction, so (d) matches with (iii).

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MCQ 141 Mark

Which of the following statements is not correct$?$

A
Genetically engineered insulin is produced in $E -Coll.$
B
In man insulin is synthesised as a proinsulin.
C
The proinsulin has an extra peptide called $C-peptide.$
✓
The functional insulin has $A$ and $B$ chains linked together by hydrogen bonds.

Answer

Correct option: D.

The functional insulin has $A$ and $B$ chains linked together by hydrogen bonds.

d
The functional insulin has $A$ and $B$ chains linked together by hydrogen bonds.

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MCQ 151 Mark

The laws and rules to prevent unauthorised exploitation of bio-resources are termed as

A
Biopiracy
B
Biopatenting
✓
Bioethics
D
Bioengineering

Answer

Correct option: C.

Bioethics

c
The correct answer is option (3) as bioethics prevent /control biopiracy

Biopiracy is the term used to refer to the use of bioresources by multinational companies and other organisations without proper authorisation from the countries and people concerned without compensatory payment.

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MCQ 161 Mark

$RNA$ interference is used for which of the following purposes in the field of biotechnology?

A
To reduce post harvest losses
B
To develop a plant tolerant to abiotic stresses
✓
To develop a pest resistant plant against infestation by nematode
D
To enhance the mineral usage by the plant

Answer

Correct option: C.

To develop a pest resistant plant against infestation by nematode

c
Option (3) is the correct answer.

Transgenic tobacco plants using RNAi exhibit resistance to nematode Meloidogyne incognita.

Many GM crops show reduced post harvest losses and exhibit resistance to abiotic stresses but that is not the aim of RNAi.

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MCQ 171 Mark

$B t$ cotton variety that was developed by the introduction of toxin gene of Bacillus thuringiensis $(Bt)$ is resistant to

A
Insect predators
✓
Insect pests
C
Fungal diseases
D
Plant nematodes

Answer

Correct option: B.

Insect pests

b
Insect pests

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MCQ 181 Mark

Exploration of molecular, genetic and species level diversity for novel products of economic importance is known as

A
Biopiracy
B
Bioenergetics
C
Bioremediation
✓
Bioprospecting

Answer

Correct option: D.

Bioprospecting

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MCQ 191 Mark

Exploitation of bioresources of a nation by multinational companies without authorization from the concerned country is referred to as

A
Bioweapon
✓
Biopiracy
C
Bioethics
D
Biowar

Answer

Correct option: B.

Biopiracy

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MCQ 201 Mark

In $RNAi$, the genes are silenced using

✓
$ds-RNA$
B
$ss-DNA$
C
$ss-RNA$
D
$ds-DNA$

Answer

Correct option: A.

$ds-RNA$

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MCQ 211 Mark

What triggers activation of protoxin to active $Bt$ toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis in boll worm?

A
Body temperature
B
Moist surface of midgut
✓
Alkaline $pH$ of gut
D
Acidic $pH$ of stomach

Answer

Correct option: C.

Alkaline $pH$ of gut

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MCQ 221 Mark

In India, the organisation responsible for assessing the safety of introducing genetically modified organisms for public use is

A
Council for Scientific and Industrial Research $(CSIR)$
B
Indian Council of Medical Research $(ICMR)$
C
Research Committee on Genetic Manipulation $(RCGM)$
✓
Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee $(GEAC)$

Answer

Correct option: D.

Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee $(GEAC)$

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MCQ 231 Mark

A 'new' variety of rice was patented by a foreign company, though such varieties have been present in India for a long time. This is related to

✓
Basmati
B
$Co-667$
C
Lerma Rojo
D
Sbarbati Sonora

Answer

Correct option: A.

Basmati

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MCQ 241 Mark

Use of bioresources by multinational companies and organisations without authorisation from the concerned country and its people is called

A
Bioexploitaion
B
Bio-infringement
C
Biodegradation
✓
Biopiracy

Answer

Correct option: D.

Biopiracy

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MCQ 251 Mark

The two polypeptides of human insulin are linked together by

A
covalent bond
✓
disulphide bridges
C
hydrogen bonds
D
phosphodiester bond.

Answer

Correct option: B.

disulphide bridges

b
(b) : Human insulin is made up of $51$ amino acids arranged in two polypeptide chains. Chain $A$ has $21$ amino acids and chain $B$ has $30$ amino acids. The two polypeptide chains are interconnected by disulphide bridges or SSlinkages.

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MCQ 261 Mark

Which kind of therapy was given in $1990$ to a fouryearold girl with adenosine deaminase $(ADA)$ deficiency ?

✓
Gene therapy
B
Chemotherapy
C
Immunotherapy
D
Radiation therapy

Answer

Correct option: A.

Gene therapy

a
(a) : Gene therapy is a technique of genetic engineering which involves replacement of a faulty/ disease causing gene by a normal healthy functional gene. The first clinical gene therapy was given in $1990$ to a $4$ year old girl with adenosine deaminase $(ADA)$ deficiency. This enzyme is very important for the immune system to function. The deficiency of this enzyme can lead to severe combined immune deficiency $(SCID)$.

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MCQ 271 Mark

Which part of the tobacco plant is infected by Meloidogyne incognita ?

A
Stem
✓
Root
C
Flower
D
Leaf

Answer

Correct option: B.

Root

b
(b) : Meloidogyne incognita is a nematode which infects the roots of the tobacco plants and causes a great reduction in the yield.

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MCQ 281 Mark

Which body of the Government of India regulates $GM$ research and safety of introducing $GM$ organisms for public services ?

✓
Genetic Engineering Approval Committee
B
Research Committeeon Genetic Manipulation
C
Bio-safety committee
D
Indian Council of Agricultural Research

Answer

Correct option: A.

Genetic Engineering Approval Committee

a
(a) : Genetic modification of organisms can have unpredictable results, when such organisms are introduced into the ecosystem. Therefore, the Indian Government has set up organizations such as $GEAC$ (Genetic Engineering Approval Committee), which makes decisions regarding the validity of $GM$ research and the safety of introducing $GM$ organisms for public services.

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MCQ 291 Mark

The crops engineered for glyphosate are resistant/tolerant to

A
insects
✓
herbicides
C
fungi
D
bacteria.

Answer

Correct option: B.

herbicides

b
(b) : Glyphosate is a broad spectrum herbicide which especially kills broad leaved herbs. Crop plants may also get affected by the herbicide, thus now crop plants are genetically engineered for glyphosate resistance. So, when glyphosate herbicide is applied, only weeds and no crop plants get harmed.

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MCQ 301 Mark

In $Bt$ cotton, the $Bt$ toxin present in plant tissue as protoxin is converted into active toxin due to

A
action of gut microorganisms
B
presence of conversion factors in insect gut
✓
alkaline $ pH$ of the insect gut
D
acidic $ pH $ of the insect gut.

Answer

Correct option: C.

alkaline $ pH$ of the insect gut

c
(c) : Soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis produces proteins that kill certain insects like lepidopterans (tobacco budworm, armyworm), coleopterans (beetles) and dipterans (flies, mosquitoes). B.thuringiensis forms some protein crystals. These crystals contain a toxic insecticidal protein. This toxin does not kill the Bacillus (bacterium) because it exists as inactive protoxins in them. But, once an insect ingests it, it is converted into an active form of toxin due to the alkaline $pH$ of the alimentary canal. The activated toxin binds to the surface of midgut epithelial cells and create pores that cause swelling and lysis and finally cause death of the insect.

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MCQ 311 Mark

The introduction of $T-DNA$ into plants involves

A
exposing the plants to cold for a brief period
B
allowing the plant roots to stand in water
✓
infection of the plant by Agrobacterium tumefaciens
D
altering the $pH$ of the soil, then heat shocking the plants.

Answer

Correct option: C.

infection of the plant by Agrobacterium tumefaciens

c
(c) : $Ti$ plasmid (tumor inducing) from the soil bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens is effectively used as vector for gene transfer to plant cells. The part of $Ti$ plasmid transferred into plant cell $DNA$, is called the $T-DNA$. This $T-DNA$ with desired $DNA$ spliced into it, is inserted into the chromosomes of the host plant where it produces copies of itself, by migrating from one chromosomal position to another at random. Such plant cells are then cultured, induced to multiply and differentiate to form plantlets. Transferred into soil, the plantlets grow into mature plants, carrying the foreign gene, expressed throughout the new plant.

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MCQ 321 Mark

Golden rice is a genetically modified crop plant where the incorporated gene is meant for biosynthesis of

A
omega $3$
✓
vitamin $A$
C
vitamin $B$
D
vitamin $C$

Answer

Correct option: B.

vitamin $A$

b
(b) : Golden rice is a transgenic variety of rice (Oryza sativa) which contains good quantities of $\beta$-carotene (provitamin $A$ - inactive state of vitamin $A$). $\beta$-carotene is a principal source of vitamin $A$. Since the grains of this rice is yellow in colour due to $\beta$-carotene and commonly called golden rice.

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MCQ 331 Mark

The first human hormone produced by recombinant $DNA$ technology is

✓
insulin
B
estrogen
C
thyroxin
D
progesterone.

Answer

Correct option: A.

insulin

a
(a) : The recombinant $DNA$ technological processes have made great impact in the area of health care by mass production of safe and more effective therapeutic drugs. In $1983$, Eli Lily, an American company, first prepared two $DNA$ sequences corresponding to $A$ and $B$ chains of human insulin and introduced them in plasmids of Escherichia coli to produce insulin chains. Chains $A$ and $B$ were produced separately, extracted and combined by creating disulfide bonds to form human insulin (humulin).

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MCQ 341 Mark

To obtain virus free healthy plants from a diseased one by tissue culture technique, which part/parts of the diseased plant will be taken?

A
Apical meristem only
B
Palisade parenchyma
✓
Both apical and axillary meristems
D
Epidermis only

Answer

Correct option: C.

Both apical and axillary meristems

c
(c) : Meristem is a localized group ofcells, which are actively dividing and undifferentiated but ultimately giving rise to permanent tissue. Although the plant is infected with a virus, yet the meristem is free of virus. Therefore, meristem can be removed and grown in vitro to obtain virus free plants. Cultivation of axillary or apical shoot meristems is called meristem culture. The apical or axillary meristems are generally free from virus.

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MCQ 351 Mark

$RNA$ interference involves

A
synthesis of $cDNA$ and $RNA$ using reverse transcriptase
✓
silencing of specific $mRNA$ due to complementary $RNA$
C
interference of $RNA$ in synthesis of $DNA$
D
synthesis of $mRNA$ from $DNA$

Answer

Correct option: B.

silencing of specific $mRNA$ due to complementary $RNA$

b
(b) : $RNA$ interference $(RNAi)$ is the phenomenon of inhibiting activity of a gene through production of both sense and antisense $RNA$. $RNAi$ takes place in all eukaryotic organisms as a method of cellular defense. This method involves a specific $mRNA$ silencing. It is due to a complementary $dsRNA$ molecule which binds to and prevents translation of the $mRNA$ causing its silencing.

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MCQ 361 Mark

Which of the following $Bt$ crops is being grown in India by the farmers?

A
Brinjal
B
Soybean
C
Maize
✓
Cotton

Answer

Correct option: D.

Cotton

d
(d) : $Bt$ toxin genes were isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis and incorporated into the several crop plants such as cotton. The choice of genes depends upon the crop and targeted pest, as most $Bt$ toxins are insectgroup specific. The toxin is coded by a gene named cry. These are numerous genes. Two cry genes cry $I\ Ac$ and cry $II\ Ab$ have been incorporated in cotton. The genetically modified crop is called $Bt$ cotton as it contains $Bt$ toxin genes against cotton bollworms.

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MCQ 371 Mark

An example of gene therapy is

A
Production of antibodies and vaccines in transgenic plants like banana and tomato
B
Delay in flower senescence and fruit ripening in Flavr Savr transgenic tomatoes which have longer shelf life
✓
Introduction of the gene for the synthesis of $ADA$ (adenosine deaminase) into a person suffering with $SCID$
D
Transfer of nitrogen fixing genes (‘nif ’ genes) into plants that are unable to fix atmospheric nitrogen, example cereals

Answer

Correct option: C.

Introduction of the gene for the synthesis of $ADA$ (adenosine deaminase) into a person suffering with $SCID$

c
Option $(a)$ is an example of edible vaccines.
Option $(b)$ Is an example of antisense $RNA$.
Option $(c)$ Is an example of genetic engineering.

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MCQ 381 Mark

Consider the following statements about therapeutic drugs

$I$. The recombinant $DNA$ technology is used for production of therapeutic drugs which are safe and effective

$II$. It avoid unwanted immunological responses, commonly observed with similar products isolated from non-human sources

$III$. About thirty recombinant therapeutics have been approved for human use in the world including India

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A
$I$ and $II$
B
$I$ and $III$
C
$II$ and $III$
✓
$I$, $II$ and $III$

Answer

Correct option: D.

$I$, $II$ and $III$

d
The recombinant $DNA$ technology process have made great impact in the area of healthcare by the mass production of safe and more effective therapeutics drugs. Further, the recombinant therapeutics do not induces unwanted immunological responses. Now about $30$ recombinant therapeutics have been approved for human use all over the world. In India, $12$ of these are presently being marketed

Techniques used for identification of fingerprints of individuals

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MCQ 391 Mark

The application of biotechnology includes all except

A
Waste treatment
B
Energy production
C
Genetically modified crops
✓
Conventional hybridization

Answer

Correct option: D.

Conventional hybridization

d
The application of biotechnology includes

$(i)$ therapeutics

$(ii)$ diagnostics

$(iii)$ genetically modified crops for agriculture

$(iv)$ processed food

$(v)$ bioremediation

$(vi)$ waste treatment and

$(vii)$ energy production

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MCQ 401 Mark

Product of biotechnology is

A
Transgenic crops ($GM$ crops)
B
Humulin
C
Biofertilizer
✓
All of the above

Answer

Correct option: D.

All of the above

d
Biotechnology may be, simply defined as the use of micro-organisms animals or plant's cells, or thin components to generate products and services useful to human beings. Now-a-days, biotechnology is very helpful in producing transgenic crops or genetically modified $(GM)$ crops, transgenic animals, biofertilizers, antibodies, hormones like humulin (genetically engineered human insulin), antibodies and various other useful products.

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MCQ 411 Mark

Which one of the following is a correct statement?

A
$Bt$ in ' Bt cotton' indicates that it is a genetically modified organism produced through biotechnology
B
Somatic hybridization involves fusion of two complete plant cells carrying desired genes
✓
The anticoagulant hirudin is being produced from transgenic Brassica napus seeds
D
Flavi savr variety of tomato has enhanced the production of ethylene, which improves its taste

Answer

Correct option: C.

The anticoagulant hirudin is being produced from transgenic Brassica napus seeds

c
$Bt ^{\prime}$ in $^{\prime} Bt ^{\prime}$ cotton stands for Bacillus thuringiensis, a soil bacterium from which Bt gene (encoding Bt toxin) is obtained. Somatic hybridization involves the fusion of protoplast (i.e, cell minus cell wall) of two cells. Flavr savr is a transgenic tomato with hard skin and improved flavor and recombinant hirudin is obtained from the seeds of transgenic Brassica napas at commercial scale.

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MCQ 421 Mark

Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?

A
$PCR \;-$ Restriction Endonuclease
✓
Transgenic Animal - Rosie cow
C
Gene Therapy - Emphysema
D
Tobacco - Bacillus thuringiensis

Answer

Correct option: B.

Transgenic Animal - Rosie cow

b
Restriction enzyme is used in genetic engineering.

Gene therapy has been done for $ADA$ deficiency

Bt Cotton is related to Bacillus thuringiensis

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MCQ 431 Mark

Which of the following is correctly matched?

✓
Agrobacterium tumefaciens - Tumour
B
Thermos aquaticus - Bt-gene
C
$pBR322 \;-$ Enzyme
D
Ligase - Molecular scissors

Answer

Correct option: A.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens - Tumour

a
Agrobacterium tumefaciens (updated scientific name: Rizobium radiobacte) is the causal agent of crown gall desease (the formation of tumour) in over $140$ species of dicot. It is a rod-shaped, Gram negative soil bacterium (Smith, et. al, $1907$ ).

Symptoms are caused by the insertion of a small segment of $DNA$, known as $T-DNA$ (transfer $DNA$) into the plant cell, which is incorporated at a semi-random location into the plant genome.

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MCQ 441 Mark

Match the following.

Column – I	Column $- II$
$(1)$ Study of disease	$(p)$ Transgenic mice
$(2)$ Biological products	$(q)$ Testing toxicity of drug
$(3)$ Vaccine safety	$(r)$ Rheumatoid arthritis
$(4)$ Chemical safety	$(s)\; \alpha - 1$ Antitrypsin

A
$(1-p),(2-q),(3-r),(4-s)$
B
$(1-r),(2-s),(3-q),(4-p)$
✓
$(1-r),(2-s),(3-p),(4-q)$
D
$(1-P),(2-r),(3-q),(4-s)$

Answer

Correct option: C.

$(1-r),(2-s),(3-p),(4-q)$

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MCQ 451 Mark

Find the incorrect statement

A
Gene therapy is a genetic engineering technique used to treat diseases at molecular level by replacing defective genes with normal genes
✓
Calcitonin is a medically useful recombinant product in the treatment of infertility
C
Bt toxin is a biodegradable insecticide obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis
D
Trichoderma species is a biocontrol agent for fungal diseases of plants

Answer

Correct option: B.

Calcitonin is a medically useful recombinant product in the treatment of infertility

b
(b)Calcitonin is a medically useful in the treatment of osteomalacia.

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MCQ 461 Mark

Production of a human protein in bacteria by genetic engineering is possible because

A
Bacterial cell can carry out the $RNA$ splicing reactions
B
The human chromosome can replicate bacterial cell
C
The mechanism of gene regulation is identical in humans and bacteria
✓
The genetic code is universal

Answer

Correct option: D.

The genetic code is universal

d
It's Obvious

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MCQ 471 Mark

$A$ : Indian Government has set up organisation such as $GEAC$ (Genetic Engineering Approval Committee), which will make decisions regarding the validity of GM research and safety of introducing $GM$ organisms for public services.

$R$ : Genetic modification of organisms can have unpredictable results when such organism are introduced into the ecosystem.

✓
Assertion and Reason both are correct but not explanation of assertion.
B
Assertion and Reason both are correct but not explanation of assertion.
C
Assertion is correct, but Reason is incorrect.
D
Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

Answer

Correct option: A.

Assertion and Reason both are correct but not explanation of assertion.

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MCQ 481 Mark

Which step of Government of India has taken to cater to the requirement of patent terms and other emergency provisions in this regard?

A
$RTI\; Act$
B
$NGO \;Act$
✓
$Indian \;patents \;Bill$
D
$Biopiracy \;Act$

Answer

Correct option: C.

$Indian \;patents \;Bill$

c
The Indian parliament has recently cleared the second amendment of the Indian Patents Bill, that takes such issues into consideration, including patent terms emergency provisions and research and development initiative.

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MCQ 491 Mark

The aims and objectives of Genetic Engineering Approval Committee are

$I$. To permit the use of genetically modified organisms and their product for commercial applications

$II$. To adopt the procedures for restriction, production and application of $GM$ organisms

$III$. approval to conduct large scale field trails and release of transgenic crops in the environment

Which of the statements are given above are correct?

A
$I$ and $II$
B
$I$ and $III$
C
$II$ and $III$
✓
$I$, $II$ and $III$

Answer

Correct option: D.

$I$, $II$ and $III$

d
$GEAC$ was set up by the ministry of environment and forests to regulate research, testing and commercial release of $GM$ crops, food and organisms

The aim and objectives of $GEAC$ are

$(i)$ to permit the use of $GM$ organisms and their products for the commercial applications

$(ii)$ to adopt the procedures for restriction, production a scale, import, export and application of $GM$ organisms

$(iii)$ approval to conduct a large scale field trails and release of transgenic crops in the environment

$(iv)$ to authorise agencies or persons to have large scale production and the release of $GM$ organisms into the environment or curb and take punitive action against them

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MCQ 501 Mark

According to $NCERT$ text which Indian plants have either been patented or attempts have been made to patent them by Western nations for their commercial use?

$I$. Basmati rice $II$. Neem

$III$. Turmeric $IV$. Tulsi

A
$I$ and $II$
B
$I$ and $III$
✓
$I$, $II$ and $III$
D
$I$, $II$, $III$ and $IV$

Answer

Correct option: C.

$I$, $II$ and $III$

c
India is a country rich in traditions, communal knowledge and expertise in natural medicines spices, food preparation, biological pesticides and diverse agriculture. That's why, it is under the surge from biopirates.

The patents have been taken out on the plants such as Basmati rice (Oryza sativa), black pepper (piper nigrum), pomegranate (Punica granantum), Indian mustard (Brassica compestris), turmeric (Curcuma/longa) and neem (Azadirachta indica). $US$, Japanese and German companies are the principal patenting pirates

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Biology M.C.Q (1 Marks)

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