What factors are responsible for deviations for Raoult's law?
Answer
If the force of attraction between A - B are different from A- A and B - B, there will be deviation from Raoult's law. As a result of this difference in interaction, there will be difference in vapour pressure of the mixture of A and B compared to pure A and pure B.
Calculate the volume of water which could be added to $20\ ml$ of $0.65\ m\ HCl$ to dilute the solution to $0.2 m?$
Answer
For dilution $-$
$M_1 V_1=M_2 V_2$
$V_2=\frac{M_1 V_1}{M_2}$
$=\frac{0.65 M \times 20\ ml}{0.2 M}$
$=65\ ml$
Vol of water to be added to
$20\ ml =V_2-V_1$
$=65\ ml -20\ ml$
$=45\ ml$.
Answer the following:
$(a)$ What is the order of photochemical reaction?
$(b)$ For the homogeneous decomposition of $N _2 O _5$ into $NO _2$ and $O _2 ; 2 N_2 O _5(g) \rightarrow 4 N O_2(g)+O_2(g)$ Rate $= k \left[ N _2 O _5\right]$
Find out the order of reaction with respect to $N _2 O _5$.
Answer
Answer the following:
$(i)$ Zero Order reaction
$(ii)$ It is first order with respect to $N_2O_5.$
What is lanthanoid contraction? What are the consequences of lanthanoid contraction?
Answer
The decrease in atomic and ionic size with increase in atomic number in lanthanoids is called lanthanoid contraction. Its consequences are (i) It causes the radii of the members of the third transition series to be very similar to those of the corresponding members of the second series. The almost identical radii of Zr (160 pm) and Hf (159 pm), have almost similar sizes. (ii) Difficulty in separation of lanthanoids.
When a coordination compound $CoCl_3 \ 6NH_3$ is mixed with $AgNO_3, 3$ moles of $AgCl$ are precipitated per mole of the compound. Write
$i.$ structural formula of the complex.
$ii.$ $ \text{IUPAC}$ name of the complex.
Answer
$i.$ When one mole of $CoCl _3 \cdot 6 NH _3$ is mixed with $AgNO _3$, three moles of $AgCl$ are precipitated which indicates that three ionisable chloride ions in the complex are present. Hence, its structural formula is $\left[ Co \left( NH _3\right)_6\right] Cl _3$.
$ii. \text{IUPAC}$ name of the complex $\left[ Co \left( NH _3\right)_6\right] Cl _3$ is Hexa ammine cobalt $(III)$ chloride.