Social Studies Question(1 Marks)

Gulf of Kachchh in India has huge tidal mill farms.

Coal is the most abundantly found fossil fuel.

After quarrying, pits are not covered so they may cause environmental hazards.

Minerals are naturally occurring substances that have a definite chemical composition.

A rock is an aggregate of one or more minerals. An ore is a rock from which minerals are mined.

Two regions in India rich in natural gas resources are: Jaisalmer and Krishna-Godavari delta.

USA has the world’s largest geothermal power plants.

Quarrying is a process of extraction in which minerals lying near the surface are simply dug out.

Norway was the first country in the world to develop hydroelectricity.

They are inexhaustible.

Major bauxite producing areas are Jharkhand, Orissa, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu.

Compressed natural gas (CNG) is a popular ecofriendly automobile fuel because it causes less pollution than petroleum and diesel.

Asia produces more than half of the world’s tin.

In India, geothermal plants are located in Manikaran in Himachal Pradesh and Puga Valley in Ladakh.

Smelting is the process of separating metal from their ores by the use of heat.

Three common minerals used by us in day-to-day life are copper, iron and salt.

Salt, copper, iron.

Some important hydel power stations in India are Bhakra Nangal, Gandhi Sagar, Nagarjunsagar and Damodar valley projects.

A naturally occurring substance that has a definite chemical composition is a mineral.

Petroleum is thick black liquid. Petroleum and its derivatives are called Black Gold as they are very valuable.

The leading producers of hydel power in the world are Paraguay, Norway, Brazil, and China.

Bauxite.

Africa is the world’s largest producer of diamonds, gold and platinum.

It is obtained from seas, lakes and rocks. India is one of the world’s leading producers and exporters of salt.

Minerals can be identified on the basis of their physical properties such as colour, density, hardness and chemical property such as solubility.

On the basis of composition, minerals are classified mainly as metallic and non-metallic minerals. Metallic minerals are further classified as ferrous or non-ferrous.

Europe is the leading producer of iron-ore in the world.

Kalpakkam, Tarapur, Ranapratap Sagar, Narora and Kaiga are the nuclear power stations in India.

Petroleum and its derivatives are black in colour but as valuable as gold, so we refer to it as “black gold”.

China, Malaysia and Indonesia are leading tin producers in Asia.

Natural gas is found with petroleum deposits and is released when crude oil is brought to the surface.

Coal is called “buried sunshine” because it is found buried under the earth, and is as important a source of energy as sunshine.

Building huge dams causes destabilisation of the natural habitats of plants and wild animals living in the area. These environmental aspects should be looked into before building dams.

Two areas in Western Australia having large deposits of gold are Kalgoorlie and Coolgardie.

Power resources may be broadly categorised as conventional and non-conventional resources.

All minerals are rocks but all rocks are not minerals because more than 2,800 types of minerals have been identified but only about 100 are considered ore minerals

Minerals take thousands of years to form. The rate of formation is much smaller than rate of consumption. So we classify them as non-renewable.

The coal which we are using today was formed millions of years ago when giant ferns and swamps got buried under the layers of earth. Coal is therefore referred to as Buried Sunshine.

Biogas is a renewable source of energy whereas the amount of natural gas is limited.

In India Rajasthan and Jharkhand have large deposits of Uranium. Thorium is found in large quantities in the Monozite sands of Kerala.

Uranium and Thorium.

Mica and Salt.

Presence of coal mines around industries reduces the costs of transportation and also ensures easy availability of fuel.

Petroleum is a very valuable fossil fuel. It is used for running all machineries, transport vehicles, from a bicycle to an aeroplane.

Norway was the first country to develop hydroelectricity.

Two regions rich in natural gas resources are Russia and Norway.

Australia is the largest producer of bauxite in the world.

Cooking food in an open pan kept on low flame.

2. Karnataka

The site of the world’s first solar and wind powered bus shelter is in Scotland.