Social Studies Question(1 Marks)

The demand for indigo increased in the late-eighteenth-century Britain because of the expansion of cotton production as a result of industrialisation, which in turn created an enormous demand for cloth dyes.

Kalamkari print is created by weavers of Andhra Pradesh in India.

Nij was the cultivation on planter's own land.

Lathiyals were the lathi-wielding strongmen maintained by the planters.

3. Auction their land.

The English cultivated indigo in Jamaica.

William Morris, a famous poet and artist of nineteenth-century Britain.

Jean Baptiste Labat wrote extensively about Carribean islands.

The Spanish began cultivating indigo in in Venezuela.

Artisans were deserting villages since they were being forced to sell their goods to the Company at low prices. Peasants were unable to pay the dues that were being demanded from them.

The Portuguese began cultivating indigo in in Brazil.

Gomasthas were the agents of planters.

The amount to be paid was fixed permanently, that is, it was not to be increased ever in future.

In 1770 a terrible famine killed ten million people in Bengal. About one-third of the population was wiped out.

The Permanent Settlement was introduced by Lord Cornwallis in 1793.

W. S. Seton Karr was the President of the Indigo Commission.

The international demand for indigo was affectedby the discovery of synthetic dyes.

Women usually carried the indigo plant to the vats.

There is one thing common in the two prints: both use a rich blue colour – commonly called indigo.

There were two main systems of indigo cultivation nij and ryoti.

The French began cultivating indigo in St Domingue in the Caribbean islands.

On 12 August 1765, Robert Clive was granted the Diwani of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa by the Mughal ruler.

The company introduced Permanent Settlement in 1793.

In the French colony of St Domingue situated in the Caribbean islands, the African slaves who worked in plantations rebelled in 1791.

Weavers of Andhra Pradesh in India created Kalamkari print.

Cloth dyers, however, preferred indigo as a dye because Indigo produced a rich blue colour, whereas the dye from woad was pale and dull.

Indigo is a plant that produces rich blue colour which is used as a dye.

Growers of woad in Europe saw indigo as a crop which would provide competition to their earnings.

The Champaran movement was against indigo planters.

Village headman holds the responsibility of paying the revenue in the Mahalwari Settlement.