Information Technology [3 Mark Questions]

Accounting Software
This system records and processes accounting transactions within functional modules such as accounts payable, accounts receivable, payroll and trial balance. It works as an accounting information system.
There are several types of accounting software as follows:

• Accounts payable software
• Bank reconciliation software
• Budget management software etc.
  e.g. Tally ERP9, HDPOS, MARG, ProfitBooks etc.

HR Management System
It refers to the systems and processes at the intersection between Human Resource Management (HRM) and Information Technology (IT). The function of HR department is generally administrative and common in all organisations.
e.g. Effective Staff, Cezanne HR etc.

It refers to the software that is responsible for storing, maintaining and utilising a database. It enables a user to define, create and maintain the database and provide controlled access on it. A database is a collection of integrated data stored together to serve multiple applications.
DataBase Managements System provides several additional features which are as follows:

• Removes data redundancy
• Elimination of data inconsistency
• Data integration
• Data sharing
• Data security
  e.g. MS-Access, Corel Paradox, Lotus Approach, MySQL, OpenOffice.org Base etc.

A brochure or newsletter can be produced using

• Word processor
• DTP software

A Word processor is a general software, which is used for the processing of textual matter and creation of organised and error less documents.
However, there are several Word processors, which offer features and utilities similar to DTP software. So, even they can be used for creating professional publications.
A DTP software is meant for creating professional publications. It combines the functions of traditional typesetter and a layout artist to produce documents such as newsletters, brochures, leaflets, magazines etc.

It is a program that acts as an interface between the user and the hardware (i.e. for all computer resources). An operating system is an important component of a computer system, which controls and co-ordinates all other components of it. It activates all devices that makes them ready for work. It also performs all internal management functions and ensures systematic functioning of a computer system.
The operating system performs the following functions:

• It recognises input from keyboard and sends output to the display screen.
• It makes sure that the programs running simultaneously do not interfere with each other.
• It is also responsible for security, ensuring that unauthorised users cannot access the system e.g. MS-DOS, Windows 95, Windows XP, Windows Vista etc.