Science M.C.Q. [1 M]

Haversian canals are present in bone.

Monocytes are largest blood cells. These are white blood cells.

Matrix of cartilage is made up of chondrin.

Contractile proteins are found in the muscles. Contractile proteins of muscle are actin and myosin, the main components of the thin and thick filaments, respectively. The cytoplasm of cells is a colloidal network of contractile proteins. Actin filaments are the major components of this network.

Xylum parenchyma cells are living. The parenchyma stores food and helps in the sideway conduction of water.

The phloem parenchyma stores food material and other substances like resins, latex and mucilage. It is absent in monocot stem.

Axon is long, branch process of neuron which carries impulses away from cyton.

When a cell is placed in hypertonic solution, it loses water through exosmosis and shrinks the cell content away from the cell wall. This phenomenon is known as plasmolysis.

Connective tissues are the tissues that connect the different parts of the body.
Bone and cartilage are the specialized supporting connective tissues.
They give shape and size to the external and internal structure of the body. Muscles, nerves and epithelium are separate types of tissues with distinct functions.

They can be thin walled or thick walled and have permanent shape. Permanent tissues can be simple or permanent complex tissues. Complex permanent tissue is made up of a group of same type of cells which have common origin and function. Xylem and phloem are complex tissues and form vascular tissue of the plant.

Parenchyma is a type of simple permanent tissue. It is present in soft parts of the plant like cortex, pith, palisade and some parts of the flower.

Xylem consists of tracheids, vessels, xylem parenchyma and xylem fibres.

Parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma are types of simple tissue whereas xylem is a type of complex tissue.

Tendons and ligaments are dense connective tissue.

The nature of matrix differs according to their function for, e.g. Cartilage has calcium salts as it provides support to bones whereas muscles passes contractile proteins for their function of movement.

Smooth muscle cells are spindle shaped, have a single, centrally located nucleus, and lack striations. They are called involuntary muscles.

Erythrocytes are red blood cells, that are involved in delivering oxygen to various tissues.
In humans, these becomes anuclated as they get mature for providing more space for hemoglobin.

Striated muscle tissue is a muscle tissue that features repeating functional units called sarcomeres.
Cardiac muscle cells are located in the walls of the heart, appear striated, and are under involuntary control.

Smooth muscles are found in the walls of hollow visceral organs. They do not work according to our will. They are involved in peristaltic movements of gastro intestinal tract and male genital tract. Cardiac muscles are present in the heart. They contract and relax rapidly, rhythmically and tirelessly. They help to pump the blood to various parts of the body. The working of both smooth and cardiac muscles is involuntary while skeletal or muscles move according to our will and are voluntary in action.

White fibres of connective tissue are made up of collagen..

Sieve tubes have the perforated walls instead of the companion cells. Companion cells remain associated with the sieve tubes.

The term tissue was given by Bichat.

Ligaments join one bone to another bone and hence ligament break can result in dislocation.

Collenchyma is generally absent in monocot stems and leaves.

Are groups of similar cells with the same functions and origin.
Organelles are small bodies within a cell with specific functions.
Organs are made of a group of tissues that function together.
Organ systems are made up of a group of organs that functions together.

Xylem parenchyma is the only living component of the xylem tissue whereas phloem sclerenchyma is the only dead component of phloem.

Adipose tissue consists of oval and round cells filled with fat globules, scattered in the matrix. This tissue is found below the skin, between internal organs and in the yellow bone marrow. It stores fat and acts as an insulator.
Cuboidal epithelium help in absorption, excretion and secretion, whereas bones and cartilage are specialised connective tissue and they provide support to the internal organs.

Parenchyma cells form the bulk of the plant body. Its cells are living and they possess the power of division. The cells are rounded or isodiametric, i.e., equally expanded on all sides. The cells are oval, round, polygonal or elongated in shape with a thin cell wall. It encloses a dense cytoplasm, which contains small nucleus and surrounds large central vacoule.