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24 questions · timed · auto-graded

Question 12 Marks
State four centres of paper industry in India.
Answer
Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, West Bengal, Odisha, Karnataka, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Tamil Nadu, Haryana, etc. are major centres of paper industry in India.
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Question 22 Marks
Where are the centres of chemical industry located in Gujarat?
Answer
Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Ankleshwar, Bharuch etc. are major centres of chemical industry in Gujarat.
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Question 32 Marks
Which raw material is needed for manufacturing cement.
Answer
Limestone, coal, gypsum, bauxite, clay, etc. are the raw material used for making cement.
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Question 42 Marks
How many ship building centres are there in India? Which are they?
Answer
There are five major shipbuilding centres in India. Public sector shipbuilding industries at Vishakhapatnam, Kolkata, Kochi, Mumbai and Marmagao produce modern ships. Out of these, Kochi and Vishakhapatnam build large size ships.
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Question 52 Marks
Write a note on the iron and steel industry of India.
Answer
Iron is one of the most important mineral of the modern world. So, iron and steel industry is the base of modem industries and economic development. It also falls in the category of basic industries on which machines, construction and other such industries develop. The process of making iron is very old in India.
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Question 62 Marks
Where are sugar factories located$?$ Why$?$
Answer
Sugar is obtained from sugarcane. It is necessary to extract the juice of sugarcane within $24$ hours of reaping. If it is not done, the water level of the sugar can decreases. If the water level of sugarcane reduces, i.e., sugarcane dehydrates, it will give lesser sugar. Hence, the sugar factories are located near sugarcane growing centres.
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Question 82 Marks
Which problems are faced by the Jute industry in India?###What are the problems facing the jute industry in India?
 
Answer
The jute industry earns a lot of foreign exchange for India but it is facing many problems today.
  • The cost of production of jute and jute product has tremendously increased.
  • There is stiff competition from international producers.
  • Market for jute products has decreased due to use of synthetic substitutes.
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Question 92 Marks
$(1)$ In which city do you find the science park and the protoniki park.
$(2)$ Which city is called 'cottonopolis of the world'.
Answer
$(1)$ Bengaluru $(2)$ Mumbai
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Question 102 Marks
Mention the step to curb environmental degradation.
Answer
The following are the measures of controlling Environmental Degradation.
$>$ Much of the pollution can be easily prevented by proper planning of the location of industries, better design and efficient use of the equipments.
$>$ The major means of controlling air pollution are fuel selection and utilisation. Smoke may be prevented by use of oil instead of coal in industries.
$>$ There are a number of equipments like inertial separators, filters, precipitators and scrubbers to control air pollution.
$>$ Water pollution by industries can be controlled by treatment before discharging them into the river.
$>$Treatment of industrial liquids can be done in three phases primary treatment by mechanical process, secondary treatment by biological chemical and physical process. Primary treatment includes screening, grinding, flocculation and sedimentation. Secondary treatment involves use of biological methods. Tertiary treatment includes recycling of waste water.
$>$ Control of soil and land pollution involves three activities, namely
$(1)$ collection of wastes from different places.
$(2)$ dumping and disposing of the waste by land- filling.
$(3)$ recycling of the wastes for further use.
 
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Question 112 Marks
Describe the copper Refining industry.
Answer
$>$ The copper refining plant in India was first set up by the Indian Copper Corporation at Ghatshila in Jharkhand.
$>$ The Hindustan Copper Ltd. took over the Indian Copper Corporation in $1972$ and since then it is the sole producer of copper in our country.
$>$ It has two centres.
$>$ One at Maubhandar near Orissa, Ghatshila in Singhbhum district and other at Khetri in Jhunjhunu district of Rajasthan.
$>$ Copper ore is obtained from the mines of these districts.
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Question 122 Marks
Describe the Aluminium refining industry.
Answer
$>$ Aluminium has characteristics like light weight, strength, malleability, good conductor of electricity and resistance to corrosion.
$>$ Its importance has increased as the alloys obtained after mixing it with tin, copper, zinc and magnesium are used in manufacturing of vehicles, railway, aircraft and machinery.
$>$ For the production of one tonne of aluminium, approximately $6$ tonnes of bauxite and $18,600\ KW$ of electricity is needed.
$>$ Electricity alone constitutes $30$ to $40\%$ of the production cost.
$>$ This indicates that location of this industry is influenced by the availability of bauxite and inexpensive electricity.
There are 8 aluminium plants in the country today.
$>$They are located in Orissa, West Bengal, Kerala, Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgadh, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu.
$>$They annually produce about $6.2$ lakh tonnes of aluminum.
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Question 132 Marks
State the factors giving rise to Jute Industry in West Bengal.
Answer
$>$There are about $70$ mills in India. Most of them are located in West Bengal.
$>$ Most of the jute mills in West Bengal are situated along the Hooghly river. Jute industry is concentrate in this region because of factors like cheaper labour, humid climate, adequate facilities for marketing, transportation, banking, insurance facilities and port facilities for export etc.
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Question 142 Marks
State the importance of chemical industry in Indian economy $?$
Answer
$>$ The Indian chemical industry occupies an important position in the country's economy.
$>$ This industry is developing rapidly.
$>$ Heavy inorganic chemicals include sulphuric acid (which is used for the manufacturing of fertilizers, synthetic fibers, plastics, paints and dyestuffs) nitric acid, alkalies, soda ash (which is used in the manufacture of glass, paper, soap and detergents) and caustic soda. A
$>$ Heavy organic chemicals included petrochemicals, which are used for manufacturing of articles like synthetic fibre and rubber, plastic, dyestuffs, drugs and pharmaceuticals.
$>$ The inorganic chemical industries are wide spread, while organic chemical industries are located near oil refineries and petrochemical plants.
$>$ Insecticides have helped in the development of agriculture by controlling the pests. India leads the developing countries in the production of pharmaceuticals.
$>$ It contributes $14\%$ of the production of entire manufacturing sector and its share in export is also $14\%.$
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Question 152 Marks
On the travel of West Bengal it is observed that people use jute products like Sack, Rope, etc. and usage of this products is too much. Why is so$?$
Answer
West Bengal produces about $80\%$ of Jute. There are many Mills of jute and mill, most of the mill are located on the bank of Hoogli river due to cheap labour port and for facility of export insurance etc.
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Question 162 Marks
What does Environment Degradation mean ?
Answer
The meaning of Environmental Degradation is as under:
>When various factors pollute land, air and water and reduce its quality, it is termed as Environmental Degradation. Such changes occur due to man-made reasons.
> Volcanoes, earthquakes, forest fires, landslides, floods, cyclone, etc. are the natural causes of environmental degradation. Once the environment is degraded, the original state cannot be regained.
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Question 172 Marks
Mention the steps to curb environmental degradation.
Answer
Steps to curb environmental degradation:
  • Industries are the pillars of national economy. They should be developed to solve several problems of the country
  • The country should develop the industries in such a way that industrial progress and development does not cause much harm to the environment.
  • The amount of pollution and quality of pollution can be reduced with proper planning, methods and equipment
  • Pollution can be also reduced by using correct raw material and fuel.
  • The air pollution can be controlled by using filter, scrubber, precipitators, etc. in the factories.
  • The water pollution can be prevented by releasing industrial effluents only after properly treating them. Moreover, industrial water can be purified after treatment and re-used.
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Question 182 Marks
Mumbai is called the "Cottonopolis of India' whereas Ahmedabad the 'Manchester of the East as well as 'Denim City'. Give reason.
Answer
  • A place where a very large number of cotton mills exist and where people heavily depend on cotton textile is called Cottonopolis. This situation existed in Mumbai and so it is called as Cottonopolis of India.
  • There was a time when Ahmedabad used to be leader in cotton textile. The city of Manchester in England also had the same growth of cotton textile during the 19th century. Hence, Ahmedabad was compared to Manchester and given the title of 'Manchester of East' or 'Manchester of India'. Moreover, Ahmedabad leads in the denim production in india. Hence, it is also called 'Denim city of India'.
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Question 192 Marks
Why has the jute textile industry developed in West Bengal?
Answer
The jute industry has developed in West Bengal because
  • The alluvial deltic soil of the Hooghly is best for the growth of jute.
  • The area also provides cheap labour, humid climate and facilities like banking and insurance.
  • International trade can be carried out from the sea port of Haldia.
  • The shortfall in jute can be met by importing it from Bangladesh.
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Question 202 Marks
Why are cotton textile mills found in Gujarat and Maharashtra?
Answer
Many cotton textile mills are found in Gujarat and Maharashtra because
  • There is easy availability of raw material cotton.
  • Both the states have hot-and humid climate which is useful for the industry.
  • The states have a ready market for cotton products.
  • Services like transport, banking and electricity are easily available.
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Question 212 Marks
On what factors does the establishment of any industry depend upon?
Answer
The establishment of an industry depends on a. physical b. cultural factors.
  • The physical factors include availability of raw materials, energy resources and water.
  • The cultural factors include labour, market, transport facilities, capital, banking facilities and government policies.
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Question 222 Marks
Explain the importance of industries?
Answer
The economic strength of a country is measured from the development of its industries:
  • Since ancient times, industries are the centres of economic activities.
  • The industries reduce dependence of people on agriculture by providing them continuous work.
  • It helps to earn foreign exchange.
  • It helps to improve agriculture by providing mechanized equipment.
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Question 232 Marks
Due to which factors, cotton textile industry is facing a tough competition today?
Answer
The cotton textile industry faces tough competition today due to a combination of factors, including:
Competition from synthetic fibres: The rise of synthetic fabrics like nylon, polyester, and rayon, which are often cheaper, more durable, and easier to maintain, has reduced the demand for cotton textiles.
Outdated machinery and technology:Many Indian textile mills still use old and obsolete machinery, which results in lower productivity and a decrease in the quality of the finished products, making it difficult to compete with technologically advanced international mills.
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Question 242 Marks
Mention the utility of Copper.
Answer
Copper is used in electrical wiring, plumbing, and making coins. It is also used to make utensils, machinery, and decorative items because of its good conductivity and resistance to corrosion.
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2 Marks Each - Social Science STD 10 Questions - Vidyadip