Que-Ans: [3 Marks Each]

Question 13 Marks

Explain the importance of the mountain.

Answer

The mountains on the country's land border protect the country.
Rivers, springs, etc. flowing out of the mountain provide water supply.
Sediment, silt, and organic matter deposited by rivers increase soil fertility.
Various useful minerals are extracted from the mountains.
Mountain forests contain timber, herbs and other vanilla products.
The high mountains help to keep the humid winds and bring rain.
Horticultural and other crops like tea, coffee, fruits etc. are grown on the slopes of the mountains.
Mountainous areas become centers of tourism industries.
Natural waterfalls in the mountains provide the convenience of generating hydroelectricity.

Question 23 Marks

Short Note on : Depreciation grounds.

Answer

Rivers, glaciers, and wind erosions turn high ground erosion into low-lying plains.
Plains formed in this way are called "erosion plains".
Abrasive grounds are formed by three factors.
In which, $(1)$ the erosion plains formed by the river.

$(2)$ Erosion plains formed by glaciers.
$(3)$ Wind erosion plains.

This type of plain is formed when the land parts of some high mountain regions are eroded over time due to

continuous erosion by the river.

Intense erosion on shallow rocks.
While solid rocks remain in their original position without erosion.
So some parts of these plains are not flat.
These types of grounds are called "penny plains".
In India, there are such plains in the Aravalli region west of Delhi.
Glaciers, like rivers, flatten the valleys of mountain peaks through erosion in cold snow-capped regions.
Glacier plains are less flat than rivers.
Norway, Sweden, Finland, Canada and other countries have such grounds.
Like rivers and glaciers, winds also create erosion plains in arid deserts through the combined action of erosion.
The ground level in these plains is thin.
It also has a high proportion of solid rocks.
Most of the deserts of the world have such plains.

Question 33 Marks

State the function of ground water.

Answer

Like rivers, glaciers, wind, water also forms many landforms through erosion.
The water that goes down into the ground accumulates in the porous rock layers.
This water is called "groundwater" or "groundwater".
Dissolution occurs due to groundwater in limestone rock regions.
Due to this a special landscape is formed.
This landscape is called "Limestone Landscape" or "Karst Landscape".
The surface water in the joints in the limestone rock layers forms small cracks or pores.
They are called "sink holes" or "sink holes".
Due to the increasing size of such cracks, it is known as "Yuvala Dolines" "downward" and "upward" are formed.
When these two pillars join, the bottom of the cave forms a continuous column.
Which is called a cave pillar.
The landscape of limestone rocks formed in this way by groundwater is called "karst landscape".

Question 43 Marks

Explain the types of grounds.

Answer

Plains are landforms that are less than 180 meters above sea level and have an almost flat surface as well as a

uniform rock formation.

The number of plains, like other landforms, is misleading.
The prairie plains of the $U.S.$ have an elevation of $1500$ meters above sea level.
While in West Asia, the plains of the Jordan River are even lower than sea level.
Plains cover $41\%$ of the total land area of the continents.
There are three main types of grounds.

$1.$ Coastal Plains:

Plains near the sea coast are known as Coastal plains.
Such plains are formed by the upliftment of continental shelf areas.
Their slope is seawards.
Rivers bring alluvium from the interior of continents and deposit in such plains to make them flat.
Sometimes coastal plains are formed by erosion also.
Due to saline soils, such plains are mostly useless for agriculture.
Such plains are Malabar in India and cast coast plains of Japan.

$2.$ Erosional Plains:

Forces of denudation and erosion such as river, glacier and wind play a role in the formation of such plains.
Due to continuous erosion work of mobile forces, mountains and plateaus get eroded and flattened.
Soft rocks are rapidly eroded, while hard rocks are eroded slowly at their places.
Such plains are known as Peneplain.

$3.$ Depositional Plains:

Dynamic forces are deposited by river, snow river and wind.
They deplete as their carrying capacity decreases and thus deposition plates are formed.

Geography Que-Ans: [3 Marks Each]