Que-Ans: [3 Marks Each]

Question 13 Marks

Loo and Norwester

Answer

Heat:

Winds In the plains of north India and northwest India, extremely hot and dry winds blow from the deserts of Rajasthan from March 15 to June 15.

This wind is known as "Heat".

Due to the lunar, the temperature in those regions rises by about 6°C.

Temperatures in these regions reach as high as 45°C in a month.

"Heat" sometimes kills many people and animals.

Norvester:

Before the onset of monsoon, hot and dry winds with dust storms come from the northwest corner of West Bengal (East India).

This wind is known as "Norvester".

This wind is also known as "Kala-Vaishakhi" as it causes severe damage to life and property.

These winds sometimes cause a little rain in West Bengal, Assam and Orissa.

East India on New Zealand's South Island is known as Norwest on hot and dry weather.

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Question 23 Marks

Cyclone

Answer

On the surface of the earth, some hot and cold air masses meet.
Then a cyclone is formed on the surface of the m.
The center of the cyclone is the light air pressure and the air pressure around it.
Thus in a cyclone the wind blows from all sides towards its central part and rises in a whirlwind.
The wind speed is counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and counterclockwise in the southern hemisphere.
Cyclones originating in the Bay of Bengal, Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean around India are relatively mild.
But sometimes catastrophes occur when stormy cyclones suddenly crash into coastal areas.
These cyclones carry moisture from the oceans with them.
In India, especially in the coastal areas of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Gujarat, such cyclones cause severe damage.
The world's stormy cyclones occur over tropical seas.
It causes great loss of life and property.

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Question 33 Marks

How do mountain and valley winds originate? Explain its effects.

Answer

These winds are local winds blowing from mountain peaks and valleys towards each other.
This wind is a kind of daily wind.

Valley Waves: These winds are y during the day. Mountain peaks and high slopes heat up earlier in the day than parts of the valley.

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Question 43 Marks

Explain about Anticyclone.

Answer

Anticyclone has the opposite symptoms.
Anticyclone has a heavier air pressure in the center and a lighter pressure around it.
Thus in Anticyclone the wind takes a circular motion from the heavy pressure in the middle and spreads to large areas with light pressure outside.
These winds do not blow loudly as they go from the inside out.
So they are not particularly naughty.
In the Northern Hemisphere the rotational speed of the cyclonic winds is clockwise and in the Southern Hemisphere it is counterclockwise.
In a cyclone the air descends from above.
So they don’t bring rain.
Cyclones cause severe damage to life and property.
While per cyclone does not cause damage as it is not stormy.

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Question 53 Marks

Explain briefly about east winds and westerly winds.

Answer

$1.$ East winds:

These winds are Y in the tropics from the equatorial high pressure belt to the equatorial low pressure belt in both the hemispheres.
The east wind is constantly blowing in one direction at a steady speed.
These winds are blowing from the east with a slight twist due to the rotational speed of the earth.
Hence these winds are called east winds.
These winds have been used for sea trade in the past as they are moving at a steady pace.
Hence they are also known as “commercial winds”.
According to Feral's law, the wind blows to its right in the northern hemisphere.
It is seen coming from the northeast corner.
That is why they are called "East Wind".
In the Southern Hemisphere, it is known as a fiery trade wind because it blows from the corner of the fire.
As these winds move towards warmer regions, they become warmer, which increases their ability to store moisture.
But the power to give rain decreases.

$2.$ Western winds:

These winds are y in both the hemispheres towards the equatorial high pressure belt in the temperate zone regions.
These winds seem to come from the west with a slight gust of wind so they are known as westerly winds.
These winds blow from southwest to southeast in the northern hemisphere.
Hence it is called southwest westerly wind in the northern hemisphere and northwest westerly wind in the southern hemisphere.
It is also called "counter-trade winds" as the direction of westerly winds is opposite to the direction of commercial winds.
These winds get colder as they move from warmer regions to colder regions.
The western regions of Europe, Canada, Chile, etc., located on the west coast of the continents receive perennial rainfall.

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Question 63 Marks

Explain about air mass.

Answer

The large amount of air that is symmetrical in temperature and humidity is known as "air mass".
At different heights, the temperature and humidity are almost the same in the direction parallel to the horizon.
Ray air becomes aerated when it receives surface heat or cold and moisture as the air stays still over a large area for almost a plane.
Characteristics of Air mass:

An aggregate of gases can spread up to hundreds of km.
Often has an area as large as a large room.
The air mass moves in the direction of the pressure gradient in the air towards the other region.
The snow-covered plains of Cannes, the cold region of Siberia in winter, the vast oceans of the tropics, and the hot deserts of summer are the source regions of the air mass.
These source regions form hot and cold gas aggregates due to excessive heat or cold for many months.
It is mainly divided into two parts.

$(1)$ Tropical Air Masses $(2)$ Polar Air Masses.

Weather events are constantly occurring in the gaseous masses that form in different parts of the earth's surface.
It determines the weather and climate of the region.

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Question 73 Marks

Explain briefly about the forearm.

Answer

Airborne particles of different natures originating on different regions of the earth's surface do not merge easily when they meet.
Where they meet, a separating surface is formed which is called "Front" which is an area of $3$ to $50\ km$ width of air.
When hot air is pushed into the atmosphere over cold air on a sloping surface, as the air rises, the moisture in it condenses to form clouds and rain falls.
Some brides go through the cold air below this rain when the raindrops freeze and become hail.
The direction of the wind changes abruptly near the forehead.
The pressure also drops abruptly.
As a result it becomes an area of stormy weather.
There are two main types of ventilators $(1)$ Warm front and $(2)$ Cold front.
Front is very important in shaping the climate of any region.

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Geography Que-Ans: [3 Marks Each]

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