$(1)$ When there is an urgency for preparing the final accounts and under such circumstanceswhen the trial balance is not tallying.
$(2)$ When in any transaction which account is tobe debited or credited is not decided
$(3)$ When in any transaction if the name of theparty is to be kept secret.
The errors which affecting trial balance are as follows:
$(1)$ Errors regarding posting
$(2)$ Errors regarding balance of an account
$(3)$ Errors intotalling the subsidiary books
$(4)$ Errors committed at the time of preparing the trialbalance.
The errors not affecting trial balance are as follows:
$(1)$ Errors of omission
$(2)$ Errors of principle
$(3)$ Errors of recording to a wrong account
$(4)$ Errors committed at the time of recording in primary books.
$(5)$ Compensatory errors.
Why errors of principle do not affect the trial balance?
Answer
Errors of principle do not affect the trial balance because the amount of the transaction is same but instead of one account any other account is debited or credited.
One sided error refers to an error which is committed in respect of either debit or credit effect of an account provided other effect of an account is correctly recorded.
While writing the books of accounts, if the transaction in primary books are recorded either more or less than the correct amount or it is recorded in worng subsidiary book, such an error is known as an error of commission.
Suspense Account is opened when after the preparation of trial balance if the total of debit column of trial balance does not tally with the total of credit column.
When the trial balance does not tally because of some accounting errors, but there is an urgency for preparing final accounts, temporarily the difference in the trial balance is transferred to one account, in order to get it tallied and that account is known as a Suspense Account.
In the books of accounts when more than one error exists but because of their nullifying effects on both debit and credit sides, the trial balance tallies, such errors are called as compensatory errors.
When a transaction is totally omitted to be recorded in the journal or the subsidiary books or the ledger, such an error is known as an error of omission.
An accounting entry which is passed to cancel the wrong accounting effect and to give correct accounting effect to the affected account Is called Rectification Entry’.