BIOLOGY Case study (4 Marks)

Lipids form a heterogeneous group but all are made up of carbon hydrogen and oxygen. These are insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents like acetone, ether, alcohol etc. The number of oxygen atoms is very small compared to carbon atoms. They need a large amount of oxygen for their oxidation to release energy. They could be simple lipids, compound lipids, and derived lipids. Simple lipids are esters of fatty acid and alcohol. Compound lipids are formed when simple lipids combine with another compounds for example glycolipids, phospholipids and lipoproteins. Derived lipids are of various types and important example being steroids.

(1) Lipids mainly consist of
(a) Carbon only
(b) carbon hydrogen and nitrogen
(c) carbon hydrogen and oxygen
(d) Hydrogen only

(2) Among the given options non-polymeric molecule is
(a) Nucleic acids (b) proteins (c) Lipids (d) polysaccharides

(3) An example of unsaturated fatty acid is
(a) oleic acid (b) stearic acid (c) Linoleic acid (d) both a and c

(4) The number of carbon atoms as compared to oxygen atoms in lipids is
(a) same (b) much less (c) much more (d) none of these.

(5) Steroids are an example of
(a) derived lipids (b) conjugated lipids (c) simple lipids (d) lipo proteins

Polysaccharides or the macro molecules consisting of long chains of sugar. Only carbohydrates they are not sweet and are insoluble in water. The two ends of the polysaccharide chain are called reducing and non-reducing ends. Based upon their monomeric units these are homo polysaccharides or heteropolysaccharides. Depending upon their location polysaccharides play multiple functions in living world few examples of polysaccharides include Cellulose, chitin, inulin etc.

(1) All the listed polysaccharides are homopolymers except
(a) Starch (b) glycogen (c) Chitin (d) Cellulose

(2) Inulin is a polymer of
(a) glucose (b) fructose (c) glucose and sucrose (d) fructose and galactans

(3) Murein is a heteropolysaccharide like
(a) araban (b) xylan (c) hyaluronic acid (d) agar

(4) A polysaccharide found in the exoskeleton of crabs is
(a) Cellulose (b) pectin (c) murine (d) chitin

(5) The right end of the polysaccharide chain is called
(a) reducing end (b) non-reducing end (c) right end (d) none of these