3 Marks Question

Question 13 Marks

(i) In aerobic respiration the respiratory coefficient is infinite. Please explain.
(ii) Define the following: (a) Floating respiration (b) Protoplasmic respiration (c) External respiration (d) Internal respiration.

Answer

(i) In anaerobic respiration, CO₂is released but O₂ is not absorbed. Therefore, the respiration coefficient is infinite.
C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₂OH + 2CO₂ + Energy
R.Q. $\frac{2 CO _2}{\text { Zero }{ }_2}=$ Infinity $(\infty)$
(ii) (a) Floating respiration: The respiration in
which carbohydrates and fats are used as respiratory substances, called floating respiration.
(b) Protoplasmic respiration: When protein is used as a respiratory substance, then it is called protoplasmic respiration.
(c) External respiration : It involves an organism and its environment. Exchange of respiratory gases (O₂and CO₂) takes place between them.
(d) Internal respiration : This is also called tissue respiration. In this exchange of respiratory gases between the tissue and the extracellular environment takes place.

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Question 23 Marks

Write the names of the products formed on incomplete oxidation of glucose molecule and write any four importance of respiration.

Answer

Alcohol, CO₂ and energy C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH + 2CO₂ + 28 Kcal Energy
Importance of respiration : Respiration plays an important role in the life of plants which are as follows:
1. This releases energy which is used in metabolic activities necessary for plant life.
2. Regulation of energy is produced as per the requirement of all activities.
3. Due to this, insoluble food substances are converted into soluble forms.
4. This releases CO₂ which is used in photosynthesis.
5. The Krebs cycle is a general pathway for the oxidative breakdown of carbohydrates, fatty acids, and amino acids.
6. It activates various meristematic tissues of plants.

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Question 33 Marks

How many ATP molecules are produced by the complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose and where?

Answer

Complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose produces 38 ATP molecules, which are formed in the following manner-two molecules of pyruvic acid are formed by the disintegration of glucose molecule and two molecules of acetyl CoA are obtained from two molecules of pyruvic acid. Hence, this process happens twice, thus in TCA cycle total energy gain is :

Therefore, when one molecule of glucose is oxidised during respiration, 38 ATPs are obtained from it.

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Question 43 Marks

What is called amphibolic path? Write any four differences between Respiration and Photo-synthesis.

Answer

Amphibolic path : Because the respiratory pathway is involved in both anabolism and catabolism it is called amphibolic path.
Difference between Respiration and Photosynthesis

Respiration	Photosynthesis
1. This is a disruptive action.	1. It is a creative activity.
2. It is present in every cell of living beings.	2. Occurs only in chlorophyll cells.
3. It happens continuously in both light and darkness.	3. Occurs only in the presence of light.
4. In this, O₂ is absorbed and CO₂is released.	4. When CO₂ is taken in, O₂ is released.
5. Weight decreases.	5. Weight increases.
6. Food disintegrates.	6. Food is manufactured.

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Question 53 Marks

Explain the difference between Oxidative Phosphorylation and Photophosphorylation.

Answer

Difference between Oxidative Phosphorylation and Photophosphorylation

Oxidative Phosphorylation	Photophosphorylation
1. It occurs during respiration.	1. This happens in the process of photosynthesis.
2. This process takes place in mitochondria	2. This process takes place in chloroplast.
3. This process takes place in the F₁ particle of Cristi present in the inner membrane of mitochondria.	3. This process takes place in the thylakoid of chloroplast.
4. It is related to ETS found in mitochondria. It is only one type.	4. This is an electron transport system found in chloroplast in which two types of pigments are found.
5. O₂ molecules are required in this process.	5. O₂ is not required.
6. Photolysis of water does not occur in this process.	6. Photolytic decomposition of water occurs.

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