BIOLOGY M.C.Q (1 Marks)

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

$A$. Mitochondria     $B$. Endoplasmic reticulum        $C$. Chloroplasts

$D$. Golgi complex    $E$. Peroxisomes 

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Statement $I:$Mycoplasma can pass through less than 1 micron filter size.

Statement $II:$Mycoplasma are bacteria with cell wall

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Choose the right match from options given below

$(A)$ semi­autonomous organelles

$(B)$ formed by division of pre­existing organelles and they contain $DNA$ but lack protein synthesising machinery.

Which one of the following options is correct ?

$A$. Concerned with lipid and steroidal hormone synthesis

$B$. Outer non-living rigid structure which gives shape to the cell and protects from mechanical damage and infection.

$C$. Both lie perpendicular to each other and each has an organisation like the cart wheel.

$D$. Responsible for trapping light energy for the synthesis of sugar.

$E$. Present in cells actively involved in protein synthesis and secretion.

$F$. Spherical structures, rich in hydrolytic enzymes.

$(i)$. Membrane-bounded inclusion bodies are not found in prokaryotic cells.

$(ii)$. Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis.

$(iii)$. Pili are the surface structure of the bacteria which may play a role in motility.

$(iv)$. The cell membrane of prokaryotes is structurally similar to the eukaryotes.

Choose the option with the correct statements.

$(i)$ The endomembrane system includes mitochondria, chloroplast and peroxisomes.

$(ii)$ Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is the major site for synthesis of lipid.

$(iii)$ Rough endoplasmic reticulum is actively involved in protein synthesis.

$(iv)$ Mitochondrial matrix possesses single circular $DNA$, a few $RNA$ and $80\; s$ ribosomes.

Of the above statements.

$(i)$ In prokaryotic cells, a special membranous structure formed by the extension of the plasma membrane into the cell is known as polysome.

$(ii)$ The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is the major site for synthesis of glycoproteins.

$(iii)$ $RuBisCO$ is the most abundant protein in the whole biosphere.

$(iv)$ Mitochondria, chloroplasts and peroxisomes are not considered as part of endomembrane system.

Of the above statements

$(i)$ The endomembrane system includes plasma membrane, ER, Golgi complex, lysosomes and vacuoles.

$(ii)$ ER helps in the transport of substances, synthesis of proteins, lipoproteins and glycogen.

$(iii)$ Ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis.

$(iv)$ Mitochondria help in oxidative phosphorylation and generation of $ATP$.

$(i)$ Plant cells have centrioles which are absent in almost all animal cells.

$(ii)$ Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis.

$(iii)$ The middle lamella is a layer mainly of calcium carbonate which holds the different neighbouring cells together.

$(iv)$ In animal cell, steroidal hormones are synthesized by smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Of the above statements

$(I)$ Amyloplasts - Store proteins

$(II)$ Mitochondrion - 'Power house' of the cell

$(III)$ Stroma - Chlorophyll pigment

$(IV)$ Axoneme $-9+2$ array

$A$. Microtubules - Structural components of cilia

$B$. Centrioles - Store hydrolytic enzymes

$C$. Amyloplasts - Store oil protein and starch in plants

$(i)$ Cristae of mitochondria      $(ii)$ Inner membrane of mitochondria      $(iii)$ Cytoplasm      $(iv)$ Smooth endoplasmic reticulum     $(v)$ Rough endoplasmic reticulum   $(vi)$ Mitochondrial matrix     $(vii)$ Ribosome   $(viii)$ Nucleus

$\begin{array}{|p{0.3\linewidth}|l|} \hline Column\,\,-I  & Column\,\,-II  \\ \hline (1)\,\,Typical\,\,bacterial & (p)\,\,Site\,\,of\,\,protein\,\,synthesis \\ \hline (2)\,\,Ribosome & (q)\,\,1-2\,\,\mu\,m  \\ \hline (3)\,\,Long\,\,and\,\,branched & (r)\,\,Control\,\,of\,\,bacterial\,\,transform \\ \hline (4)\,\,Plasmid  & (s)\,\,Nerve\,\,cell  \\ \hline \end{array}$

$\begin{array}{|l|l|} \hline Column\;-I  & Column\;-II \\ \hline A.\;Micro\;filament & i.\;Glycokalyx \\ \hline B.\;Micro\;tubule & ii.\;Actin \\ \hline C.\;Flagella  & iii.\;Tubulin \\ \hline D.\;Outer\;layer\;of\;bacteria & iv.\;Outer\;compartment \\ \hline \end{array}$

$\begin{array}{|p{0.3\linewidth}|p{0.5\linewidth}|} \hline Column\,\,-I & Column\,\,-II   \\ \hline A.\,\,Vacuole & i.\,\,Krebs\,\,cycle   \\ \hline B.\,\,Mitochondria & ii.\,\,Photosynthesis   \\ \hline C.\,\,Golgibody & iii.\,\,Excretion   \\ \hline D. Chloroplast & iv. Synthesis site of glycolipid and glycoprotein \\ \hline \end{array}$

$\begin{array}{|l|l|} \hline Column\;-\;I & Column\;-\;II \\ \hline a.\;pinocytosis & 1.\;Animal\;cell \\ \hline b.\;Lysomes & 2.\;Cell\;wall \\ \hline c.\;ER & 3.\;Acidic\;pH \\ \hline d.\;Centriole & 4.\;Ribosomes \\ \hline  & 5.\;liquid\;food \\ \hline \end{array}$

List $I$                                List $II$

$a$.Lysosome                    $1$.Bacteria without cell walls

$b$.Mycoplasma                $2$.A virus that infects bacterial cells

$c$.Thylakoid                     $3$.Flattened sacs in a chloroplast

$d$.Bacteriophage             $4$.A vesicle in which hydrolytic enzymes are stored

Code :

$R$ : The centromere is situated close to its end forming one extremely short arm.

$a$. Large and more numerous nucleoli are present in cells actively carrying out protein synthesis.

$b$. Nuclear pores allow bidirectional movement of molecules.

$c$. Cytoskeleton is a glycolipid structure for mechanical support, motility and maintenance of the shape of the cell.

$d$. Steroidal hormones are synthesized by Golgi complex.

- It is site for active ribosomal $RNA$ synthesis

- It is spherical structure

$R$ : Centriole is a non-membranous cell organelle.

$(I)$ Formation bipolar spindle   

$(II)$ Formation of lysosome

$(III)$ Formation of mesosome

$(IV)$ Formation of ribosome

$R$ : It has a pair of peripheral doublet and a pair of centrally located microtubules.

$(i)$ Cilium / Flagellum contains an outer ring of nine doublet microtubules surrounding two singlet microtubules.

$(ii)$ Cilia are smaller which work like oars, causing the movement of either the cells or surrounding fluid.

$(iii)$ Flagella are comparatively longer and responsible for cell movement.

$(iv)$ Cilium and flagellum are covered with plasma membrane. Which of the above statements are correct?

$R$ : The ribosomes of the chloroplast are smaller than cytoplasmic ribosomes.