Question 14 Marks
Let $A =\{1,2,3\}$. The number of relations on A, containing (1, 2) and (2, 3), which are reflexive and transitive but not symmetric, is _________.
Answer
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Sol. Transitivity
$
(1,2) \in R,(2,3) \in R \Rightarrow(1,3) \in R
$
For reflexive $(1,1),(2,2)(3,3) \in R$
Now $(2,1),(3,2),(3,1)$
$(3,1)$ cannot be taken
(1) $(2,1)$ taken and $(3,2)$ not taken
(2) $(3,2)$ taken and $(2,1)$ not taken
(3) Both not taken
therefore 3 relations are possible.
Sol. Transitivity
$
(1,2) \in R,(2,3) \in R \Rightarrow(1,3) \in R
$
For reflexive $(1,1),(2,2)(3,3) \in R$
Now $(2,1),(3,2),(3,1)$
$(3,1)$ cannot be taken
(1) $(2,1)$ taken and $(3,2)$ not taken
(2) $(3,2)$ taken and $(2,1)$ not taken
(3) Both not taken
therefore 3 relations are possible.




