[4 Marks Each] QUE-ANS

Question 14 Marks

Describe the production process of clothes.

Answer

First of all, cottonseeds are sown in the field. In four months, after sowing, big buds are grown on the cotton plants through weeding, fertilizer and water treatment. After plucking the white cotton from big buds, the bales of cotton are tied and stored them into the house. After that, the entire quantity of cotton is taken to the nearest marketing yard to sell it. The merchant of the marketing yard buys the cotton and sells it to the owner of a nearby ginning mill. In ginning mill, cottonseed is separated from cotton and sold to trader who extracts oil from seeds. The owner of the ginning mill prepares identical bales of cotton and sells them to the owner of the spinning mill making threads from cotton. The owner of the textile mill makes cloth from the thread and sends those bundles to the dyeing mill for dyeing. That cloth is cut into different sizes in a garment making factory and it is stitched. The readymade shirts, pants, children's clothes, boys and girls' outfit, etc. are labelled and packed in boxes. Boxes of clothing are sold to the wholesaler for foreign export and also sold in the market. This trader sells the boxes to the retailer. Customers buy their favourite garments from the showroom of retailer. In this way, clothes are made from raw materials and sold in the market.

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Question 24 Marks

Who is called a customer ? State the rights of a customer.

Answer

A person who receives goods or services for his own use by paying money from a trader, shopkeeper, organization or person is called a 'customer'. Customers are given the following rights under the 'Consumer Protection Act - $1986$' :
$(1)$ Right to safety : Under this right, every customer can obtain protection against the sale and purchase of goods or services that are harmful to his life and health. According to the Consumer Protection Act, a customer file a complaint against the seller, if a person buys a good which is harmful to his health or life in the long run.
$(2)$ Right to Information : According to this right, a customer can get all the necessary informations related to the goods or services at the time of buying goods or services.
$(3)$ Right to choose : According to this right, a customer can choose the item that suits him from a wide variety of items.
$(4)$ Right to Representation : According to this right, a customer can make appropriate representations of his problems to the consumer protection board associated with the interests of the customer.
$(5)$ Grievance Redressal Right : According to this right, the customer can get redressal of grievances against defective goods, defective service or harassment due to fraud and appropriate compensation for the damages caused.
$(6)$ Right Consumer Education : According to this right, a customer is given right to get a proper consumer education to be aware of all matters and things associated with customer's interests.

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Question 34 Marks

What are the features of Controlled Market or Marketing Yard ?

Answer

It is essential to have a good market system for the sale of agricultural products after getting more production. There was no proper system of sale of agricultural products in the post-independence period.
So to prevent farmers from being exploited, the government set up a controlled market means Marketing Yard (Agricultural Produce Market Committce).
Agricultural Produce Market Committees have been set up in every taluka of Gujarat with the objective of ensuring that farmers
do not become the prey of irregularities in the sale of their crops and also get fair prices for their products so that they can become economically prosperous. The main features of a controlled market or marketing yard are as follows:

$(1)$ In a controlled market or marketing yard, farmers' products are sold through public auction so that farmers can get better prices for their produce.
$(2)$ This method increases transparency in price fixing
$(3)$ The moral standard of the merchants is maintained as well as the merchants can get products of good quality in enough quantity from one place.
$(4)$ Services like banking, lending, insurance, warehouse and construction of other facilities, etc. are implemented efficiently.
$(5)$ Farmers get the daily market prices of their products through radio, newspaper, television, daily newspapers and online mobile phones.
$(6)$ Farmers who come to sell farm products get overnight accommodation and godown facility to store their products in the marketing yard.

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Question 44 Marks

State the duties of consumers in detail.

Answer

A consumer should take the following precautions while shopping:
$(1)$ The consumer should insist to collect the original bill with $GST$ at the time of purchasc of any item or service. Get the bill from the trader and retain it up to the adequate time.
$(2)$ To check ISI mark at the time of purchasing costly goods as well as electronic items. Collect guarantee and warranty card, free service coupon, etc. duly signed and stamped by the shopkeeper and keep them safely.
$(3)$ Only buy gold and silver ornaments with 'Hallmark'. Always insist on lined bills without getting into the influence of merchant's talk of tax-saving business. Make sure that all details like purity, price, making charges, etc. are clearly and separately written or not.
$(4)$ Buy food items only with the 'Agmark or '$FSSAT$ logo. Check all details like their packing company, brand name, batch number, manufacturing date, expiry date, ingredients (content ingredients), etc. of product. In case of adulteration complain must be registered without fail.
$(5)$ Verify medicine with the prescription. Check the manufacturing and expiry date. Insist on buying generic medicine first, if they are available.
$(6)$ Buy the cloth after checking its fabric, colour, stitching, embroidery, measurement. size, etc.
$(7)$ Check the scal and weight in the gas cylinder, sit in the autorickshaw or taxi after checking meter on zero, check the '0000' zero meter reading on the pump indicator while filling petrol, $CNG$ or diesel in the vehicle as well as insisting to buy the kerosene in the vessel after setting the foam down and fully filled in the scales.
$(8)$ To check safety arrangements in the school and the educational qualifications of the teachers while enrolling own children in the school. Obtain a fee receipt from educational institutes.
$( 9 )$ Understand the terms of life insurance policy and vehicle insurance policy and collect the original policy documents without fail and preserve them.
$(10)$ The customer should not purchase unnecessary things from the sale by tempting advertisements such as gift coupons, reward schemes or discounts. One should buy only enough for one's own needs. The customer should be careful not to buy a mixed or low quality of item. If they have been cheated in the purchase, letting others know through newspapers, so that they have been stopped to deceive.

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Social Science [4 Marks Each] QUE-ANS

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