Science Que-Ans (Each of 2 Mark )

Personal and community issues affect health slowly. It has stages to affect an individual.

1. 1st stage: We will be happier than ever and we think that we got everything.
2. 2nd stage: Due to happiness a hormone is released in our body that makes us vibrant. Lack of sleep and due to oversleeping our body stores fats that cannot be converted into energy.
3. 3rd stage: You're addicted to this habit and u start following it want to secure it but it’s too late to secure becoz ur body continuously creates hormones and your body is also addicted to it.
4. Last stage: You feel depressed and think more that affects your mind and your behaviour will change completely.

Acute conditions are severe and sudden in onset. This could describe anything from a broken bone to an asthma attack. A chronic condition, by contrast is a long developing syndrome, such as osteoporosis or asthma. Note that osteoporosis, a chronic condition, may cause a broken bone, an acute condition.

	Symptoms	Signs
i.	They indicate the presence of disease.	They provide information about the presence of particular disease.
ii.	Symptoms are a collective indication of a number of diseases in a particular part or organ.	They are distinct for different diseases.

Health: It is a "State of complete physical, mental, and social well being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity."

The third level causes of the disease are:

1. Malnutrition: Due to lack of certain nutrients in the food.
2. Contributory cause: Due to prevalence of unhealthy conditions.
3. Intermediate cause: Due to pathogens and malfunctions of body organs.

Antibiotic Effect in Japanese Encephalitis–Nil Japanese encephalitis is a viral disease while antibiotics are effective against bacteria.

Degenerative disease is the result of a continuous process based on degenerative cell changes, affecting tissues or organs, which will increasingly deteriorate over time, The two examples of degenerative diseases are Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

Infectious disease, Hereditary disease, Genetic disease and Chromosomal disease.

The diarrhoea spreads through infection by contaminated food, water, drinks, hands, clothes etc. During diarrhoea frequent loose motions and vomiting leads to dehydration. To control the dehydration during diarrhoea, Saline drip may be given intravenously to maintain fluid and electrolytes in the body. Alternatively oral rehydration Solution (ORS) may be given to the patient periodically.

Distinguish between symptoms and signs of disease Signs are the physical manifestation of the illness, injury or disease. It is objective, which means that it can be seen and measured, usually by a doctor or a nurse. Symptoms, on the other hand, are things that can only be felt by the patient. These are the things that a patient experiences about the illness, injury or disease. These must be described to the doctor, in order for him or her to diagnose the patient.

Protist is an informal term for any eukaryotic organism that is not an animal, plant or fungus.The process of developing immunity (capability to fight infections) is called immunization.

	Healthy	Disease Free
i.	It is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being.	It is a state of absence of discomfort or derangement in any part of body.
ii.	A healthy person will be disease free.	A disease free person can be healthy or unhealthy.

According to the WHO, Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease. The important traits of healthy person are: They are more efficient at work. They are physically, emotionally and mentally strong.

• They are more efficient at work.
• They are physically, emotionally and mentally strong.
• They have positive feeling about themselves and others.

In nearly all types of infections of the human body, there is a rise in body temperature, an increase rate of heart beat (i.e. pulse rate) increases frequency of respiration, dry tongue, poor appetite, concentration of urine and changes in the level white blood cells circulating the blood.

It is said “Health is wealth”. If health is lost, everything is lost. If health is i’ lost, the capacity to work is lost. Inability to work leads to poverty and misery. On the other hand, if we have health we are able to work and this, in turn, adds to our wealth. Therefore good health is one of the basic foundations on which our lives are built. For the common man, health is merely an absence of sickness and ailments. This view is narrow and one-sided. The term ‘health’ is much more comprehensive. Good health is the state of all-round physical, social and mental well being of a person, which enables him to live and work normally and to resist the negative impact of his environment.

The prevention and control of malaria can be prevented through the following ways: Controlling mosquito breeding, Killing adult mosquitoes before they bite people, Killing malaria parasites in the blood before they can cause malaria.

With the global initiative of eradication of polio in 1988 following World Health Assembly resolution in 1988, Pulse Polio Immunization programme was launched in India in 1995.

A vector is a carrier (mosquito, tick) that takes the disease from an infected individual to an uninfected individual. They do not have the disease themselves, they carry the infected agent such as blood. A reservoir is anything (person, animal, arthropod, plant, soil or substance) in which a disease lives and can multiply. The disease needs the reservoir in order to survive. A vector must be living but a reservoir can be a living or a non living thing such as soil or water. Vectors or carriers are not pathogenic but are simply transmitters.

Epidemic disease is the rapid spread of infectious disease to a large number of people in a given population within a short period of time, usually two weeks or less.

In rabies, the patient feels restless, does excessive salivation, has a choking feeling and finds difficulty in the intake of even liquid food. Since patient develops fear of water, the disease is called hydrophobia.

1. The microorganism can find entry through contaminated food and water and diseases are Cholera and Typhoid.
2. By Mosquitoes. Malaria by bite of female Anopheles, dengue by bite of Aedes.
3. Sexual contact. Syphilis, AIDS.