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Social Science 3 Marks Each

Indian Democracy · Gujarat Board (GSEB) STD 9 (GSEB - English Medium). 15 questions.

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15 questions · timed · auto-graded

Question 13 Marks
Distinguish between : Print Media and Electronic Media
Answer
Print Media Electronic Media
1. The print media is the oldest media which was In existence even when electronic media were not invented. 1. The electronic media are the modern media which were invented in the 20th century.
2. They include the newspapers, periodicals and journals in different subjects. 2. They include radio, television, films and of late computer based internet (social media).
૩. The news items, the news reports, editorials and articles are published in the printed form which can be read only by the educated persons. 3. The news, breaking news, panel discussion live telecast of the political events are telecast broadcast/screened and viewed by even illiterate persons.
4. These are regarded as the ‘Fourth Column’ of democracy as they criticise the policies of the’ government and misdeeds of its officials. 4. These, too, are regarded as the ‘Fourth Column of democracy as they too discuss and criticise the policies of the government and expose misdeeds of its officials.
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Question 23 Marks
Distinguish between : Parliamentary Democracy and Presidential Democracy.
Answer
Parliamentary Democracy :
  1. In India we have parliamentary democracy.
  2. In a parliamentary democracy the President appoint the leader of the party who gets the maximum number of seats in the Lok Sabha as the Prime Minister.
  3. The Prime Minister then forms the government with his Cabinet of Ministers.
  4. In this kind of democracy, the government stays in power as long as it can obtain support of the majority of the members of the Parliament.
Presidential Democracy :
  1. It is the second important type democracy.
  2. In this type of democracy the President is directly elected by the people.
  3. The President remains in power for a period mentioned in the Constitution of the country.
  4. It exists in many countries including USA.
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Question 33 Marks
Distinguish between : National Party and Regional Party.
Answer
National Party:
  1. A party that secures at least 6% of total votes in the Lok Sabha elections or Assembly elections in four states and wins at least 2 seats is recognized as a national party.
  2. These parties which will have influence in less than three states.
  3. These parties raise issues of national importance.
  4. Example: INC, BJP, BSP, CPI-M, CPI, NCP and AITC
Regional Party:
  1. A party that secures at least 6% of total votes in an election to the Legislative Assembly of a state and wins at least 4 seats is recognized as a regional party/state party.
  2. These parties will have influence in less than three states.
  3. These parties raise issues of regional importance.
  4. Example: Samajwadi Party, Rashtriya Janata Dal, DMK, AIADMK, etc.
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Question 43 Marks
Write short note : Election Commission and Political Parties.
Answer
  • Political parties contest the elections which are conducted by the Election Commission Every political organization party which desires to take part in the election is required to register itself with the Election Commission. There were 1,593 registered political parties in India till 10th March, 2014.
  • Since there are a very large number of the registered political parties. few are serious contenders at the election. The Election Commission recognises some of these as national and regional political parties on the basis of their past performance.
  • The Election Commission reserves election symbols for the recognised national and regional parties and allots unreserved symbols to unrecognised parties and independent candidates.
  • The Election Commission issues ‘Code of Conduct for political parties and is vigilant about its observance. It takes action against candidates political parties for violation of the ‘Code of Conduct which includes disqualification.
  • The Election Commission allots time to the recognised political parties for broadcast on the radio and telecast on the national television.
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Question 53 Marks
Write the short notes : Voter and Government.
Answer
  1. A voter is one of the most important parts of a democracy.
  2. India has Universal Adult Suffrage. According to this, a person of age 18 or above holds the right to vote.
  3. Thus, the Constitution of democratic India guarantees an equal right to vote irrespectively of a person’s caste, creed, education, religion, economic status and other important parameters.
  4. The system of Universal Adult Suffrage is based on the principle of ‘One Person One Vote’.
  5. It is the duty of every citizen to vote without greed or fear.
  6. A voter should be aware and careful about his right to vote.
  7. Voting is an important process in democracy and every voter must exercise the right to vote.
  8. Hence, the government through the Election Commission takes utmost care that all the voters across the country, even army men who are on duty at odd locations are able to vote during elections.
  9. To stop any kind of injustice and for smooth and transparent voting system, the Election Commission works independently in an autonomous manner.
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Question 63 Marks
A voter is a lifeline of a democracy.
Answer
  1. A voter is one of the most important parts of a democracy.
  2. A voter who is neither bankrupt nor mentally unstable holds the voting right without any discrimination.
  3. Voting is an important process in democracy and every voter gets complete right to vote.
  4. To see that voters can keep the democracy alive through voting, the election commission takes utmost care that all the voters across the country, even army men who are on duty at odd locations are able to vote during elections.
  5. The voter with his fine sense of understanding decides which candidate is best to rule. Based on this he votes for him.
  6. Complete freedom to the person to vote for this desire candidate is the key ingredient of democracy and, hence it is said that a voter is the lifeline of a democracy.
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Question 73 Marks
Which national and regional political parties are active in India ?
Answer
Although there are seven national and 52 regional parties, are recognized by Election Commission as of March, 2019:
(a) National Parties:
  1. The Indian National Congress (INC) and Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) are the two biggest and hence major national political parties of India.
  2. Other important national parties are Bahujan Samaj Wadi Party (BSP), Communist Party of India (CPI), Communist Part of India (Marxist) (CPI-M), National Congress Party (NCP) and All India Trinamool Congress (AITC).
(b) Regional Parties:
Shiv Sena, Samaj wadi Party (SP), Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK), All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK), Aam Aadmi Party (AAP), Janta Dal-United (JDU), Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD), etc are regional parties.
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Question 83 Marks
Write a short note on secret ballot.
Answer
  1. Secret ballot is a ballot in which people can cast their votes secretly without coming under influence of any benefit, greed or fear. Others do not know which party or candidate has the voter given the vote.
  2. A voter has a right to maintain the secrecy of his vote. No one can ask the voter to whom did he give his vote. Hence, secret ballot is given utmost importance in a democracy.
  3. Voting is the most important of the democratic government. Hence, the Election Commission takes utmost care that all the voters across the country, even army men who are on duty at odd locations are able to vote during elections.
Method of voting:
Voting is done through two methods. They are:
  • Voting by a ballot paper in secret ballot: The method of secret ballot is getting obsolete now since it take lot of time to count ballot papers of voters.
  • Voting through an Electronic Voting Machine (EVM): It is a much faster, accurate and less tiresome method of voting. Hence, it is now widely used. Moreover, since no ballot papers are used in EVM it is also an eco-friendly method.
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Question 93 Marks
Explain the process of election in India.
Answer
  1. Owing to its large population India is the largest democracy of the world with largest number of voters.
  2. In India, the elections are conducted, administered, controlled and monitored by the Election Commission.
  3. It is essential for any democracy that its Election Commission is independent, impartial and autonomous.
  4. Moreover, it is mandatory that the Election Commission works with complete independence.
  5. The Constitution of India has made special provision for deciding the terms and conditions of appointing the Election Commissioner, his criteria for service, removal and suspension.
  6. It is the responsibility and authority of the Election Commission to hold elections for the Parliament, Legislative Assembly, Legislative Council, the President and the Vice-President.
  7. In India we carry our election by casting votes through secret ballot system.
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Question 103 Marks
What is public opinion? State the importance of public opinion. How is it gathered?
Answer
  1. India is a democratic country.
  2. The candidate and his party that wins the election would like to regain and retain its power in future too.
  3. For this, it is extremely important for the political parties to connect with the people. By connecting with people they can know the opinion of people for the parties and candidates. This is called public opinion.
  4. Public opinion helps the candidates and parties to maintain and run the government, frame policies to know views on various questions related to many problems, etc.
  5. It is highly essential for political parties, representatives and organizations.
  6. Strong and organised public opinion is very important in a democracy.
  7. It can open the curtain from the poor functioning of the government.
  8. The voice of public can create such a condition where in the government cannot afford to misrule or neglected the country.
  9. Public opinion also makes people aware about right or wrong at of the government. The alert, awaken and intelligent public then cannot be misled by the government.
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Question 113 Marks
Write short note : Types of political partie.
Answer
  • The political parties in India broadly classified into registered, recognised unrecognised parties, besides the independe candidates.
  • Till 10th March, 2014, there were 1,5 registered political parties in India.
  • Some of these are very large number of politic parties, which are recognised by the Elect Commission as national and regional politic parties.
  • Those political parties which had secus minimum 4% votes in at least 4 states recognised as All India or National parties election symbol for these parties is reser by the Election Commission.
  • The Indian National Congress, the Bhartiy Janata Party, the CPI, the CPIM, the BSP the NCP are recognised national parties.
  • Those political parties which had secured minimum 4% votes in at least one state are recognised as regional parties. An election symbol for these parties is reserved in their respective states by the Election Commission.he DMK, the AIADMK, the TDR the AGE the Akali Dal, Shiv Sena are some of these recognised regional political parties.
  • Besides these, there are a large number of unrecognised political parties and independent candidates. These are allotted election symbols from ‘unreserved’ symbols by the Election Commission. India has multi-party system andmulti-cornered elections due to the presence of a very large number of political parties.
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Question 123 Marks
Write short note : The Election System in India.
Answer
  • The largest number of voters make India the largest democracy in the world. Free and fair elections is an important feature of Indian democracy. Provisions have been made to ensure free and fair elections in the constitution.
  • There is an autonomous (independent) Election Commission consisting of the Chief Election Commissioner and the other Election Commissioners. They are appointed by the President of India for a term of 5 years. Theirn service conditions have been laid down in Constitution.
  • The government cannot interfere in the of the Election Commission.
  • The responsibility of conduct, regulation supervision of the elections in India has assigned to the Election Commission.
  • Elections to the two Houses of Parliament State Legislature and the offices of the Pres and the Vice-President of India are condu by the Election Commission.
  • Elections are by secret ballot. The EVMs been introduced for the speedy conduct elections.
  • The Election Commission holds Gen Elections, mid-term elections and bye- electiou.
  • The Election Commission declares the progrannal of elections, undertakes scrutiny and count of votes and declares results.
  • it issues ‘Code of Conduct’ for political part and is vigilant about the observance of code of conduct by the candidates and politic parties.
  • The political parties issue their Electi Manifesto, conduct election campaign al propagate their views to influence the voter.
  • The election campaign receives publicity in print and electronic media and influences voters’ decision.
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Question 133 Marks
Write short note : Electronic Media.
Answer
  • The emergence of electronic media is an outcome of technological inventions in the 20th century.
  • Like the print media, the electronic media, too enjoys the freedom of thought and expression (freedom of press) in a democratic state like India.
  • Radio and television have reached almost every household. The news broadcasts on the radio and news telecast on the television reach even the illiterate persons.
  • The television channels are now operating 24 x 7 These provide latest information on the events around the world.
  • There is live-telecast of the important events like the address of the Prime Minister to the UN General Assembly at New York. The discussions on various subjects bring out the argument for and against the topic.
  • The films or cinema is primarily an entertainment media. However, many films carry social message of the issues like exploitation of workers, untouchability, dowry and poverty and thereby influence public opinion.
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Question 143 Marks
Write short note : Print Media
Answer
  • The Print Media is regarded as the Fourth Column’ of democracy. It performs the vital task of moulding public opinion and exercising control over the government.
  • The print media plays an important role in democracy as there is ‘freedom of press whereby the media pays compliments to the government for its achievements and criticizes it for its failures and misdeeds.
  • The newspapers and periodicals in English Hindi and the regional languages constitute the print media.
  • The news items, the news reports, the articles, the editorials discuss the current affairs and issues before the country.
  • An impartial and fair assessment of the working of government is essential for formation of sound public opinion and success of democracy.
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Question 153 Marks
Distinguish between : National Parties and Regional Parties
Answer
National Parties Regional Parties
1. The Election Commission recognises those Poles parties which have secured minimum 4% votes in at least 4 states in the preceding election. 1. The Election Commission recognises those political parties which have secured minimum 4% votes in at least one state in the preceding election.
2. These parties have mass-base in a large number of states and take part in the politics. 2. These parties have mass-base In at least onestate and take part in the politics at the state level.
૩. Their ideology is broad-based and deals with the national issues. 3. Their ideology is narrow-based and espouses the regional issues.
4. Indian National Congress, Bhartiya Janata Party, CPI, CPIM, BSP and NCP are the recognised National parties. 4. DMK, AIADMK, Akali Dal, Telugu Desam Party. LRJD, JDU, Samajwadi Party, AGD, National Conference,Shiv Sena are some of the Regional parties.
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3 Marks Each - Social Science STD 9 Questions - Vidyadip