Question 13 Marks
Draw a well-labelled diagram to show the anaphase stage of mitosis in plant cells having four chromosomes.
Answer
View full question & answer→The diagram to show the anaphase stage of mitosis in plant cell having four chromosomes
Questions
[3 marks Question Answer]
🎯
Test yourself on this topic
14 questions · timed · auto-graded
Question 23 Marks
Draw a duplicate chromosome and label its part.
Answer
View full question & answer→Duplicate chromosome and it's part
Question 33 Marks
Draw a labeled schematic representation of mitosis cell division.
Question 43 Marks
Give a labeled diagram to illustrate amitosis.
Answer
View full question & answer→A diagram to illustrate amitosis.
Question 53 Marks
Write the name of various steps of cell cycle.
Answer
View full question & answer→Cell Cycle
Question 63 Marks
Explain the significance of mitosis.
Answer
View full question & answer→(i) It helps to maintain linear heredity of an organism by keeping the chromosome number constant in daughter cells.
(ii) It helps in the development of an organism from zygotic stage to adult stage.
(iii) It is the means of repair and regeneration of cells.
(iv) Asexual reproduction is accomplished only through mitosis.
(v) Details of mitosis are similar in all organisms which emphasizes the unity of life.
(ii) It helps in the development of an organism from zygotic stage to adult stage.
(iii) It is the means of repair and regeneration of cells.
(iv) Asexual reproduction is accomplished only through mitosis.
(v) Details of mitosis are similar in all organisms which emphasizes the unity of life.
Question 73 Marks
How does colchicine act as mitotic poison? Is there any advantage of it?
Answer
View full question & answer→Colchicine is an alkaloid obtained from Autumn crocus (Colchicum autumnale). It inhibits the formation of mitotic spindle. As a result, chromosomes duplicate but they remain within the same cell, increasing in number (endoduplication). Such cells are called polyploid cells.
Its advantage is that plant breeders have used colchicine-induced polyploidy as a means of producing variants of agricultural and horticultural crops.
Its advantage is that plant breeders have used colchicine-induced polyploidy as a means of producing variants of agricultural and horticultural crops.
Question 83 Marks
What is the direct cell division? Explain with an example.
Answer
View full question & answer→Amitosis is the direct cell division. It is the simplest type of cell division in which there is no spindle formation or condensation of fibers. The nucleus is directly divided into two, e.g., bacteria.
Question 93 Marks
Column ‘II’ is a list of items related to ideas in Column ‘I’. Match the terms in Column ‘II’ with a suitable idea given in Column ‘I’.
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) Anaphase | (a) Chromosomes become arranged in a horizontal plane at the equator. |
| (ii) Prophase | (b) Daughter chromosomes move to opposite poles of the spindle. |
| (iii) Telophase | (c) Chromosomes become visible as fine, long threads. |
| (iv) Metaphase | (d) Chromosomes lose their distinctiveness and gradually become transformed into chromatin network. |
Answer
View full question & answer→| Column I | Column II |
| (i) Anaphase | (b) Daughter chromosomes move to opposite poles of the spindle. |
| (ii) Prophase | (c) Chromosomes become visible as fine, long threads. |
| (iii) Telophase | (d) Chromosomes lose their distinctiveness and gradually become transformed into chromatin network. |
| (iv) Metaphase | (a) Chromosomes become arranged in a horizontal plane at the equator. |
Question 103 Marks
Differentiate between
Centrifugal cytokinesis and Centripetal cytokinesis.
Centrifugal cytokinesis and Centripetal cytokinesis.
Answer
View full question & answer→| Centrifugal cytokinesis | Centripetal cytokinesis |
| During the partition of the cytoplasm following karyokinesis, when the cell plate formation begins in the centre and proceeds towards outwards, the division is said to be centrifugal. | When the cell membrane starts constricting from the sides and proceeds inwards, till the mother cell is divided into two daughter cells, the division is known as centripetal cytokinesis. |
| All plant cells follow centrifugal cytokinesis by cell plate formation. | All animal cells follow centripetal cytokinesis through cell furrow formation. |
Question 113 Marks
Differentiate between
Mitosis and Meiosis.
Mitosis and Meiosis.
Answer
View full question & answer→| Mitosis | Meiosis | |
| (i) | It occurs in somatic cells. | It occurs in generative cells. |
| (ii) | It involves a single division resulting into two daughter cells. | It involves two successive divisions resulting in the formation of four daughter nuclei. |
| (iii) | Prophase is short and simple. | Prophase is of longer duration and complex. |
| (iv) | Number of chromosomes in daughter cells is equal to that of parent cell. | Number of chromosomes in daughter cells is half to that of the mother cells. |
| (v) | Equational division. | Reductional division. |
| (vi) | Mitosis brings about growth, repair and healing. | Meiosis forms gametes and spores and maintains the chromosome number constant from generation to generation. |
Question 123 Marks
In the given diagram name the parts labeled 1, 2, 3,4 and 5 and describe about them in short.
Answer
View full question & answer→1. Pellicie: The matrix of chromosome is enclosed in a sheath called as pellicle.
2. Matrix: The chromatin of chromosome is embedded in the achromatic substance known as matrix.
3. Chromatin: Chromatin is the heredity material made-up of long fibres of DNA combined with proteins.
4. Centromere: A narrow constriction is seen in the chromosome at metaphase or anaphase is called primary constriction. The distinct area of light colour inside the primary constriction is called centromere.
5. Chromatids: Each metaphase chromosome consist lied chromatids.
2. Matrix: The chromatin of chromosome is embedded in the achromatic substance known as matrix.
3. Chromatin: Chromatin is the heredity material made-up of long fibres of DNA combined with proteins.
4. Centromere: A narrow constriction is seen in the chromosome at metaphase or anaphase is called primary constriction. The distinct area of light colour inside the primary constriction is called centromere.
5. Chromatids: Each metaphase chromosome consist lied chromatids.
Question 133 Marks
The diagram below represents a stage during cell division. Study the same and then answer the question that follow:
a) Name the parts labelled 1, 2, and 3.
b) Identify the above stage and give a reason to support your answer.
c) Mention where in the body this type of cell division occurs.
d) Name the stage prior to this stage and draw a diagram to represent the same.
a) Name the parts labelled 1, 2, and 3.
b) Identify the above stage and give a reason to support your answer.
c) Mention where in the body this type of cell division occurs.
d) Name the stage prior to this stage and draw a diagram to represent the same.
Answer
View full question & answer→(a) 1 – Centrosome
2 - Spindle fibres
3 – Chromatids
(b) The stage described in the diagram is the late anaphase of mitosis in an animal cell. The stage can be identified by the presence of separated chromatids which are found at the two
poles of the cell. The appearance of the furrow in the cell membrane classifies the stage as the late anaphase.
(c) The division is mitotic division and this kind of cell division occurs in all the cells of the body except for the reproductive cells.
(d) The stage before anaphase is metaphase.
2 - Spindle fibres
3 – Chromatids
(b) The stage described in the diagram is the late anaphase of mitosis in an animal cell. The stage can be identified by the presence of separated chromatids which are found at the two
poles of the cell. The appearance of the furrow in the cell membrane classifies the stage as the late anaphase.
(c) The division is mitotic division and this kind of cell division occurs in all the cells of the body except for the reproductive cells.
(d) The stage before anaphase is metaphase.
Question 143 Marks
(i) Draw a neat labeled diagram to show the metaphase stage of mitosis in an animal cell having ‘6’ chromosome.
(ii) How many daughter cells are formed at the end of mitosis and at the end of meiosis?
(iii) With reference to cell division explain the following terms:
(Chromatid, Centromere, Haploid).
(iv) Name the type of cell division that occurs during:
1. Growth of shoot 2. Formation of pollen grains.
3. Repair of worn out tissues.
(ii) How many daughter cells are formed at the end of mitosis and at the end of meiosis?
(iii) With reference to cell division explain the following terms:
(Chromatid, Centromere, Haploid).
(iv) Name the type of cell division that occurs during:
1. Growth of shoot 2. Formation of pollen grains.
3. Repair of worn out tissues.
Answer
View full question & answer→(i) See diagram.
(ii) Mitosis: two daughter cells.
Meiosis: four daughter oeils.
(iii) Chromatid: Duplicated chromosomes consist of two identical strands, each of these is called a chromatid.
Centromere: It is the point at which the two chromatids remain attached. It is also the point of attachment for spindles.
Haploid: A cell having only one set of chromosomes is called haploid.
(iv)
1. Mitosis
2. Meiosis
3. Mitosis
(ii) Mitosis: two daughter cells.
Meiosis: four daughter oeils.
(iii) Chromatid: Duplicated chromosomes consist of two identical strands, each of these is called a chromatid.
Centromere: It is the point at which the two chromatids remain attached. It is also the point of attachment for spindles.
Haploid: A cell having only one set of chromosomes is called haploid.
(iv)
1. Mitosis
2. Meiosis
3. Mitosis