Biology [1 Mark Question Answer]

Adrenaline is called an emergency hormone because it brings rapid physiological responses to emergencies like danger, fear or other situations requiring vigorous action.

Insulin secreted by pancreas controls the level of glucose in blood.

Releasing hormones - A substance produced by the hypothalamus that is capable of accelerating the secretion of a given hormone by the anterior pituitary gland.

Exophthalmic goitre - The over activity of thyroid gland leads to its enlargement, producing a big swelling in the neck region called exophthalmic goiter.

Beta cells - Beta cells are the cells of pancreas that secrete insulin.

Diabetes mellitus - Diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by the deficiency of insulin hormone.

Hypersecretion - The over activity of any gland leads to over secretion of hormones called hypersecretion.

Hyperglycemia - Increase in blood sugar level is called hyperglycemia.

Hypothyroidism - It is the under secretion of thyroxine by thyroid gland which leads to retarded growth and mental development in infants.

Exocrine gland - The glands with ducts which secrete enzymes are called exocrine glands.

Endocrine gland - The glands without ducts which secrete hormones are called endocrine glands.

Hormone - The secretions of endocrine glands which are carried by blood to the target organs are called hormones.

Non adrenaline

Antidiuretic hormone

Sex corticoids

Growth stimulating hormone

Adrenaline

Calcitonin

Thyroxine

Glucagon

Insulin

Adrenaline

Insulin - It lowers the glucose level in the blood.
Glucagon - It raises the level of glucose in the blood.

Insulin and glucagon.

The endocrine cells present in pancreas are: alpha cells, beta cells and delta cells.

Insulin is a protein hormone and if it is given orally it would be digested upon by the protein digesting enzymes in the alimentary canal.

In hilly region, water has less iodine which is required for the production of thyroxine. So due to the deficiency of thyroxine, people suffer from goiter.

LTH - Luteotropic hormone

FSH - Follicle stimulating hormone

Insulin

STH

Islets of Langerhans

STH

Insulin

Glucagon hormone - It raises the blood sugar level.

Corpus luteum - It secretes progesterone.

Insulin hormone - It lowers the blood sugar level.

Gonadotrophic hormone - It promotes the growth of ovarian follicles in females and the growth of sperms in males.

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone - It stimulates the activity of adrenal cortex.

Thyroid stimulating hormone - It stimulates the activity as well as the growth of thyroid glands.

Somatotrophic Hormone - It is essential for the normal growth of an organism.

Thyroxine

Neurohypophysis

Adenohypophysis

Adrenal gland

Liver

Pancreas

Thyroxine

Somatotrophin

Pituitary gland