Chemistry [1 Mark Question Answer]

Isomerism: Compounds having the same molecular formula but different structural formulae are known as isomers, and the phenomenon is known as isomerism.

By heating ethyl chloride with alcoholic KOH

By treating ethyl chloride with aqueous KOH

Due to presence of unique properties of carbon like Tetravalency, catenation and Isomerism large number of organic compounds are formed.

Due to the unique nature of carbon atom, it gives rise to formation of large number of compounds. Thus this demands a separate branch of chemistry.

An alkyl group is obtained by removing one atom of hydrogen from an alkane molecule. Alkyl group is named by replacing the suffix 'ane' of the alkane with the suffix -yl.

Chemical properties: The functional group is responsible for the chemical properties .

Physical properties : The alkyl group determines the physical properties .

The various applications of organic chemistry is :
It is used in the production of soaps, shampoos, powders, and perfumes.
Various fuels like natural gas, petroleum are also organic compounds.
The fabrics that we use to make various dresses are also made from organic compounds.

Few sources of organic compounds are Plants ,Animals ,Coal ,Petroleum ,Wood .

When acetic acid reacts with litmus it turns blue litmus red.

Three compounds that can be oxidized directly or in stages to produce acetic acid are Ethanol, Acetylene, Ethanal.

Lithium aluminium hydride(LiAlH4) is used to convert acetic acid to ethanol.

When acetic acid and ethanol react it results in the formation of ethyl acetate.

Methylated spirit or denatured alcohol is ethyl alcohol with 5% methyl alcohol, a coloured dye and some pyridine.

It is made by improper distillation. It contains large portions of methanol in a mixture of alcohols.

Absolute alcohol may be obtained by distilling moist alcohol with benzene. The mixture of water and benzene distills off and anhydrous alcohol is left behind.

Ethanol affects that part of the brain which controls our muscular movements and then gives temporary relief from tiredness. But it damages the liver and kidney too.

>The melting and boiling point of the successive members of the homologous series of alcohols increases with the increase in molecular mass.

Ethanol or ethyl alcohol can be dehydrated to produce ethene

Ethyl alcohol is a good solvent for gums and resins.

Made from water gas : Methanol .

Consumed as a drink : Ethanol

Poisonous : Methanol .

Called 'wood spirit' : Methanol .

Used for making a household plastic material : ethyne .

Used for illuminating country houses : Ethyne

Alcohols are the hydroxyl derivatives of alkanes and are formed by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms of the alkane with OH group.
Methanol is obtained from the destructive distillation of wood while ethanol is obtained from the fermentation of sugar.

Calcium carbide

Alkenes are also called olefin.

Alkanes are also called as paraffin.

The hydrocarbon which forms a red precipitate with ammoniacal solution of copper chloride
is acetylene.

The hydrocarbon which is a linear molecule is Ethyne.