[2 Mark Question Answer] - Geography STD 10 Questions - Vidyadip

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Question 12 Marks

The UNIDO's (United Nations Industrial Development Organization) industrial statistics 2016 says that India has climbed up three positions to become the sixth largest industrial country in the world during 2015. India was in the ninth position in the previous year. Though India is one of the largest manufacturing countries, industrial competitiveness of the country is poor. The Industrial Development Report places India at 43rd position in terms of its competitiveness.
(a) What do you think has led to the industrial development in India?
(b) Why do lack in competitiveness?

Answer

(a) Development of Scientific attitude, foreign collaboration, globalization policy, need to supply to large population, availability of resources etc.
(b) Due to backward economy, inferior quality of products, high selling cost etc.

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Question 22 Marks

The cotton sector in India is considered the second most developed sector in the textile industry (after man made fibres). At 18% of the global total, India is the world's largest producer of cotton. The history of the cotton industry in India dates back millennia. India held a global monopoly over the manufacturing of cotton textiles for about 3,000 years from 1500 B.C. to 1500 A.D. It served as an ideal medium of exchange in the barter economy during the ancient period. During the middle ages, it was exported to Eastern and European markets. This was followed by the establishment of cotton mills by imperial powers in the modern period.
(a) What has led to the development of cotton textile industry in India?
(b) Why the demand for cotton textile decreasing?

Answer

(a) Suitable climate, black fertile soil, large labour force, availability of abundant raw material etc.
(b) Cotton is costly compared to artificial fiber which is cheap and durable.

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Question 32 Marks

Why silk industry losing its market?

Answer

(i) Due to its high price it's beyond the reach of poor people.
(ii) Artificial silk and fibres of other material which are cheaper are available.

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Question 42 Marks

Name the various centres of silk industry in India.

Answer

(i) Kashmir, Varanasi, Mysore, Bengaluru, Kanjeevaram silks are world famous.
(ii) Tusser, Erie and Muga varieties of Silk are produced in Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, and Bihar & Jharkhand.

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Question 52 Marks

What are the varieties of silk? Which one of them is the best?

Answer

(i) India produces Mulberry, Tusser, Erie and Muga varieties of Silk.
(ii) Mulberry silk is the best among them and it accounts for 90% of the total Silk output.

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Question 62 Marks

What is sericulture? State its importance.

Answer

The rearing of Silkworm is called Sericulture. This is a labour intensive industry and provides employment to the rural population.

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Question 72 Marks

What are the problems faced by the Indian handloom industry?

Answer

(i) Ever rising input costs and less profit.
(ii) Lack of modernization and poor infrastructure results into poor quality cloth which cannot match with power loom industry.

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Question 82 Marks

Write in short about Coimbatore cane.

Answer

(i) Research centres have been opened at Lucknow & Coimbatore to improve the quality of sugarcane and hence the output from the industry.
(ii) New better variety of sugarcane known as "Coimbatore cane" has been crossed with Jowar which ripens fast.
(iii) New varieties of sugarcane are being experimented which will ripen at different months of the year so that sugar mills work throughout the year.

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Question 92 Marks

Cottage industries are important for Indian economy. Explain.

Answer

(i) Cottage industries provide a very large employment to people of India.
(ii) They fulfil the local needs and reduce dependence on foreign goods.
(iii) Products from them especially handicraft products have great national and international demand.

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Question 102 Marks

What do you mean by Sick mill?

Answer

(i) These are the mills (industry) where the production cost is more than the selling price.
(ii) Thus industry goes in loss and then closed down. Many workers lose their job.

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Question 112 Marks

Where do we find the concentration of sugar industry in India?

Answer

(i) In the northern part, these industries are concentrated in Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, and Bihar region of the Ganga Plain.
(ii) In South India, these industries are concentrated in Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh.

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Question 122 Marks

What problems are associated with short crushing period? What are its solutions?

Answer

(i) Due to small crushing period, the over production decreases.
(ii) The workers remain idle which creates financial loss to workers and also to owner as for owner maintenance cost is high.
Solution:
(i) Sowing and harvesting sugarcane at different intervals.
(ii) Using better variety of sugarcane called Coimbatore sugarcane that matures fast.

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Question 132 Marks

What are the favourable factors for the growth of sugar industry in South India?

Answer

(i) Fertilizers are commonly used as sugarcane is a soil exhausting crop.
(ii) Land holdings are large. Therefore, sugarcane is grown under scientific conditions using modern machinery.
(iii) The crushing seasons are longer and mills are near the plantations, so there is no loss of sucrose.
(iv) The sugar industry is well organized and is run by co-operative sector.

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Question 142 Marks

What do you mean by crushing season? State it's one of the effect.

Answer

(i) Crushing season is related to extraction of sugarcane juice from sugarcane.
(ii) This period is 4 to 5 months in North India whereas in South India 6 to 8 months.
That is why, the sugar production is more in South India compared to North India.

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Question 152 Marks

(i) What is bagasse? State its use.
(ii) What are molasses? State their use.

Answer

(i) Bagasse is the rejected cane after the crushing of sugarcane in the mills. It is used to manufacture paper, cardboard, insulation board, etc.
(ii) Molasses is a dark coloured syrup left after the preparation of sugar from cane juice. It is used to make plastic, synthetic rubber, alcohol (rum) ethanol which is fuel and fertilizers.

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Question 162 Marks

Mention any two ways in which the agro-based industries have affected the economy of India.

Answer

(i) Cotton textile industry is second largest employment generating sector in India. Millions are employed in sugar and jute industry to.
(ii) Contributed to the national income and also adds to foreign exchange.
(iii) Indirectly it encourages cultivation of more cash crops which fetches more income.

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Question 172 Marks

What are the reasons for the localization of the Sugar industry in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh?

Answer

(i) The largest quantity of sugarcane is produced in this belt.
(ii) Coal for power is obtained from Jharkhand.
(iii) Railway facilities are widespread.
(iv) Due to dense population, cheap and skilled labour is available.

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Question 182 Marks

How did location of Mumbai prove to be a boon for the development of cotton textile Industry?

Answer

(i) Mumbai is port city that facilitates, the import of modern machinery needed for cotton textile industry.
(ii) Middle east countries import large amount of cotton and it can be exported from Mumbai port which is one the best natural harbour.

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Question 192 Marks

State any two problems faced by the sugar industry in India.

Answer

(i) Sugarcane crushing season is short hence the sugar industry is seasonal.
(ii) Many industries are located away from the sugarcane producing region.
(iii) Obsolete and Outdated machines. (Any two points)

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Question 202 Marks

What has led to the development of cotton textile industry in Gujarat?

Answer

(i) Gujarat has black cotton soil which is best suited for cotton cultivation which is the chief raw material for this industry.
(ii) Major centres like Ahmedabad, Surat have humid conditions favourable for thread as it does not break easily.

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Question 212 Marks

Explain the importance of textile industry.

Answer

(i) It is one of the oldest industry in India.
(ii) It is the second largest employment generating sector in India.
(iii) It plays important role in fulfilling one of the basic requirement called clothing and also fetches abundant foreign exchange for India.

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Question 222 Marks

With reference to the cotton textile industry answer the following:
(i) Name the country's most important manufacturing centre.
(ii) State two geographical reasons for its importance.

Answer

(i) Mumbai and Ahmedabad are the most important cotton manufacturing centre in India.
(ii) Both these places have abundant supply of cotton from cotton rich farms of the states, abundant capital, power supply, cheap labour supply, etc.

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Question 232 Marks

Which agro-based industry has a tendency to migrate towards the south India? Give reasons to justify your answer.

Answer

(i) An agro-based industry that has a tendency to migrate towards the south India is the sugar industry.
(ii) Because of frost-free ideal climate, fertile black soil, sugar mills being located closer to the sugar growing areas, longer crushing season, etc.

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Question 242 Marks

Mention the geographical and non-geographical factors that affect the location of Industry.

Answer

Geographical factors include availability of raw material, power supply, transport, climate, market, etc.
Non-geographical factors include, Government policies, capital, organizational skills, etc.

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Question 252 Marks

State any two geographical factors which should be kept in mind while setting up an agro-based industry.

Answer

Geographical factors while setting up an agro-based industries to be considered are as follows:
(i) Nearness to growing areas from where raw material is available easily at cheap rate.
(ii) A well-developed transport system to carry raw material and finished products.
(iii) Facilities for proper storage of the raw materials as well as finished products. (Any two points)

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Question 262 Marks

Explain how 'agro-based' industries are different from 'mineral-based' industries.

Answer

(i) Industries that obtain their raw material from agriculture are called agro-based industry. Example, A Sugar industry depend on sugarcane, jute, and cotton textile industries depend upon jute and cotton respectively.
(ii) Industries which obtain their raw material from minerals are called mineral-based industry. Example of mineral-based industry is iron and steel industry which depend upon iron ore, coal, manganese, etc.

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Question 272 Marks

Give one example of each of the following (i) Public Sector (ii) Cooperative Sector industry.

Answer

Public Sector: Maruti Udyog, Bharat Heavy Electricals
Co-operative Sector: Cow Milk Manufacturers-Anand, Sugar mills run by farmers producing sugarcane

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Question 282 Marks

Name the major agro-based and mineral based industries in India.

Answer

(i) Agro-based: Sugar, cotton textile, jute, woollen and silk industry.
(ii) Mineral based: Iron and steel, electronics, automobile and petrochemicals.

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Question 292 Marks

What are agro-based industry? Name the largest agro-based industry in India.

Answer

(i) The industries which obtain their raw material from agriculture are termed as agro-based industries.
(ii) Textile industry is the largest agro-based followed by sugar industry in India.

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[2 Mark Question Answer] - Geography STD 10 Questions - Vidyadip