[2 Mark Question Answer] - Geography STD 10 Questions - Vidyadip

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33 questions · timed · auto-graded

Question 12 Marks

In ancient times river ways were the main highways of transportation as in the case of India. But they lost importance because of competition from railways, lack of water due to diversion for irrigation, poor maintenance of water bodies. In recent times however, India is keen to carry out revolution in the development of waterways.
(a) What are the other reasons for decreasing popularity of river transport in India?
(b) What will you suggest the government to make it a better mode of transport?

Answer

(a) Slow transport, non-availability in entire India, seasonal nature of many rivers etc.
(b) To increase depth of rivers, give impetus to transport etc.

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Question 22 Marks

The total road network in India is 63.32 lakh km comprising all categories of roads - national & state highways and urban & rural roads which is the second largest in the world. National Highways (NH) account for 2% of the total road network and carry over 40% of total traffic. The National Highways have a total length of 1, 44,955 km, which in totality serve as the arterial network of the country.Source: https://www.indianeconomy. net/economy/sectorslindia-is-the-sixth-largest-industrial-countryl
(a) Why transport network is compared to blood vessels in the body?
(b) National Highways (NH) account for nearly 2% of the total road network and carry over 40% of total traffic. State its effect.

Answer

(a) Transport connects various parts of the country in the same way as the blood vessels connect all organs in the body. When any region gets disconnected from other regions, the development of that region hampers in the same way as body organ gets paralyzed when blood does not reach that organ.
(b) It leads to excessive pressure on them which leads to accidents and faster deterioration of these roads.

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Question 32 Marks

The road transport ministry has sanctioned around Rs 16,000 crore for construction of over 600km of the 1,748- km Frontier Highway in Arunachal Pradesh, indicating govt's priority to improve connectivity and infrastructure along the border, reports Dipak Dash. The greenfield highway (NH 913) will run close to the India-Tibet-China- Myanmar border-barely 20 km from it at several locations.
(a) Why has India decided to make this project on urgent basis?
(b) Why road transport developed better than other mode of transport in India?

Answer

(a) To enhance connectivity to border areas, to deploy forces and equipments in sensitive area close to China border to tackle the enemy threat.
(b) As the construction cost is less, and they are more flexible, can be laid in mountains too with ease, and thus it has better developed.

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Question 42 Marks

Railways have promoted national integration. Explain.

Answer

(i) Railways in reality bring people from one part of the country to the other part better than any other transport routes.
(ii) Right form north to south and east to west, all parts are connected by railways. Thus, they help exchange of ideas, culture and bring out the feeling of oneness in country.

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Question 52 Marks

What are the reasons for the poor condition of Indian roads?

Answer

(i) Shortage of funds.
(ii) Very heavy traffic puts lot of pressure on roads.
(iii) People opposing the payment of tolls, have resulted into more shortage of funds.

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Question 62 Marks

In what way did Golden Quadrilateral and NSEW prove beneficial to truck transport?

Answer

(i) These transport routes are very well maintained and provide good roads which cause less wear and tear.
(ii) Time needed to transport has also reduced and less fuel are consumed by trucks.
Thus, they can carry-out more trips with less expenditure.

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Question 72 Marks

Road transport is more flexible than rail transport. Explain.

Answer

(i) Roads need less construction cost than railways and airways.
(ii) They can be increased in length and width with less efforts.
(iii) They do not need very high engineering skills like railways and airways and thus can be provided almost everywhere. That is why road transport is more flexible than rail transport.

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Question 82 Marks

Mention the government initiatives to develop waterways in India.

Answer

(i) In 2016, Inland Waterway Act was passed.
(ii) As per this act, 111 rivers are declared National Waterways and Government is investing largely in this project.
(iii) Help is been taken from the world bank and large international shipping companies to develop this project.

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Question 92 Marks

State the importance of air transport in the hilly region.

Answer

(i) Helicopters are widely used as construction of airport is difficult in such regions.
(ii) Helicopter services can carry people, goods and services efficiently here due to their small size and heavy capacity to lift heavy materials.

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Question 102 Marks

What are the problems of Indian ports?

Answer

(i) Many Indian ports are not well connected with their hinterland.
(ii) Not well planned, heavily congested, without modern facilities except at few ports.

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Question 112 Marks

What is of CWTC?

Answer

(i) CWTC stands for The Central Water Transport Corporation.
(ii) It is engaged in transporting goods in the Ganga, Brahmaputra, Hoogli and Sunderban regions.

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Question 122 Marks

What are the differences between a harbour and a port?

Answer

(i) Harbours is a place on the coast where ships, boats and barges can seek shelter from a stormy weather.
(ii) A port is located inside a harbour and is used to load and unload cargo and passengers. Harbours do not provide as many facilities as ports.

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Question 132 Marks

Name the two major national waterways of India.

Answer

(i) National waterway No. 1: River Ganga from Varanasi to Haldia.
(ii) National waterway No. 2: River Brahmaputra from Sadiya to Dibrugarh stretch.
(iii) National waterway No. 3: Kottapuram to Kollam stretch in West Coast Canal, Champakara Canal, and Udyogamandal Canal.

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Question 142 Marks

What advantages do railways have over roadways?

Answer

(i) They can carry heavy and bulky material.
(ii) Faster and safer than roadways.

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Question 152 Marks

State the advantages of airways over railways in terms of safety and travelling time.

Answer

(i) Airways are the safest mode of transport as there are multiple security checks before passenger board the plane.
(ii) Travelling time from the most distance places in India is within 3 hours whereas trains may take more than two days to cover such long distances.

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Question 162 Marks

State the role of Railways in economic development of India.

Answer

(i) They played important role in carrying agricultural, industrial goods, from one corner to another corner of India.
(ii) They carry milk, petroleum, and even water and thus help in developing India.
(iii) They also provide security to India by carrying defence personnel. Defence equipments and safeguard the safe growth of Industries and agriculture within the country.

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Question 172 Marks

State the role of Indian railways in generating employment.

Answer

(i) Indian Railways employ more than 16 lakh workers.
(ii) Many people have food stalls, book shops and other services on railways.
(iii) Innumerable people carry to and from railway stations thus getting their employment.

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Question 182 Marks

Why do the Indian railways need advance booking of maximum four months?

Answer

(i) Indian railways are very popular means of transport as they are very cheap, comfortable, safe, suitable for long distance travel and with many facilities like pantry, washroom electricity supply etc.
(ii) Hence the demand for them is very high and to secure the ticket, they need advance booking.

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Question 192 Marks

What's the reason for the dense network of Railways in the northern plains?

Answer

The northern plains have dense network of Railway due to:
(i) Flat land surface of the North Indian Plains.
(ii) High density of population.
(iii) Rich agricultural development of the regions.

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Question 202 Marks

What are the gauges of Indian railways?

Answer

Indian Railway operates on three gauges
(i) Broad Gauge Has a width of 1.676 m. More than 70% of Indian Railway comprises broad gauge.
(ii) Metre Gauge Has a width of 1 m. Around 23% of the Railways run on meter gauge.
(iii) Narrow Gauge Has two types. One is 0.762 m and the other is 0.610 m. This type is found in hilly areas only.

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Question 212 Marks

What advantages roadways have over railways?

Answer

(i) They are available 24x7.
(ii) Roadways covered almost entire area of India.
(iii) They are cheaper to construct, more flexible and more dependable.

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Question 222 Marks

State the advantages of North South East West Corridor. (NSEW)

Answer

(i) Terminal cities of North south corridor are Srinagar and Kanyakumari. Led to general improvement in area and reduction in vehicle operating cost.
(ii) They have given the impetus to industrialization, employment, reduced travel time and reduced fuel cost.

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Question 232 Marks

Write in short about the road project PMGSY.

Answer

(i) PMGSY that is Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana was launched by the Indian Government in 2000.
(a) Its aim is to provide connectivity to isolated villages.
(b) To provide all weather good road connectivity to the unconnected villagers.
(ii) Under this scheme, all roads are maintained by the village panchayats.

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Question 242 Marks

What are State Highways? Which government agency is responsible for their management?

Answer

(i) The Roads linking a state capital with different district headquarters are known as State Highways. They keep the state connected to the National Highways.
(ii) These roads are constructed and maintained by the State Public Works Department (PWD) in State and Union Territories. It's the responsibility of the state government to laid and maintain the state highways.

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Question 252 Marks

What are the benefits of the Golden Quadrilateral?

Answer

(i) It has cut down travel time very significantly.
(ii) It has promoted industrial growth of the towns through which it passes.
(iii) It has helped transport of the agricultural produce from the hinterland to the major cities and ports.
(iv) It helps job opportunities in construction as well as in demand for steel, cement and other construction materials.

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Question 262 Marks

Why has the BRO (Border Road Organization) been given the responsibility to construct the roadways in the border areas and also in inaccessible areas?

Answer

(i) The BRO is a part of Indian Armed Forces and they employ the best engineers working for the nation building.
(ii) In border area which are sensitive areas, no delay can be tolerated and being under the armed forces, the BRO works with discipline.
(iii) They are also given the task of completing work in very difficult terrains where ordinary road construction companies fail.

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Question 272 Marks

What are the components of the NHDP?

Answer

The components of the NHDP are:
(i) The Golden Quadrilateral.
(ii) The North South Corridor and the East West Corridor.
(iii) Port Connectivity and other projects.

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Question 282 Marks

What is NHDP?

Answer

(i) In order to give the boost to the economic development of the country, the Govt. began a project called the National Highway Development Project in 1998.
(ii) It is a project to upgrade, rehabilitate, and widen major highways in India to a higher standard.
(iii) It is being implemented by NHAI.

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Question 292 Marks

What are expressways? State their features.

Answer

Expressways are the best quality of roads with 6 to 8 lanes connecting two major and other cities on the way in less time and with more comfort.
Features:
(i) Speed is the main feature. Vehicles are allowed to move with a speed around 120 km/hr.
(ii) Expressways are of high quality consisting of modern features like access ramps, grade separation, lane dividers and elevated section.
(iii) There are only a few entry points and exits to enter in expressways so have limited access. (Any two points)

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Question 302 Marks

What are the problems of Indian National Highways?

Answer

(i) National Highways constitutes 2.09% of total road network in the country on which almost 40 per cent of Indian transport occur.
(ii) Thus, they are subjected to high pressure, constant maintenance and accidents.

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Question 312 Marks

What are national highways? Who manages them?

Answer

(i) The roadways which link state capitals, major industrial centres, places of economic interests, ports and harbours, etc are known as National Highways.
(ii) They are constructed, and managed by the NHAI that is National Highway Authority of India.

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Question 322 Marks

What are the different modes of transport? Which among them is the most developed and the most underdeveloped?

Answer

(i) The different modes of transport are air, water and land transport, which includes railways, roadways, airways and waterways.
(ii) The most developed among them are the roadways, whereas the waterways have developed the least.

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Question 332 Marks

What is transport?

Answer

Transport is movement of goods, passengers and services like post, medicines, medical staff, etc. with a purpose of fulfilling some task or supplying as per the demands.

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[2 Mark Question Answer] - Geography STD 10 Questions - Vidyadip