Geography [3 Mark Question Answer]

(i) Waste management is important as it saves the environment from the toxic effects of inorganic and biodegradable element present in waste.
(ii) Mismanagement of waste causes pollution of land, water, air, soil, etc.
(iii) It has adverse effect on human health and negative impact on environment.
That is why to avoid, these issues, waste must be managed.

(i) Segregate the waste as biodegradable and Non-biodegradable at home. Old footwear, clothes, bags, etc. can be given to the needy.
(ii) We can eat the leftover food later by storing it in fridge.
(iii) Old medical pills, shoe polish, medicine bottles, batteries, etc. should be disposed separately.
(iv) E-waste such as CDs, old laptops, computers, etc. must be given for the recycling.
(v) We will collect it in separate containers and dispose as per the feature.

(i) The land gets levelled.
(ii) It can be converted into stadium or park or it can be used to carry-out planting of trees.
(iii) The waste also gets disposed. The spread of diseases and foul smell are also prevented.

(i) People must be encouraged to control the ever increasing population.
(ii) Creating awareness such as Swacchh Bharat, must be implemented.
(iii) Adopting eco-friendly and sustainable methods of waste management.
(iv) Passing strict laws against polluting the environment by imposing heavy fines.

(i) As a student we can segregate the waste into biodegradable and non- biodegradable waste at our home, and sending them for recycling or reusing them.
(ii) We can use only that much, how much is necessary.
(iii) We can buy just enough number of clothes and necessary articles to reduce production of more waste.

(i) It is a process in which an uneven area which is away from the city or water reservoir is selected where non-biodegradable waste which cannot be recycled is dumped and clay is spread over it. Later it is compacted levelled with by a bulldozer.
(ii) Advantage: Waste gets disposed without spreading smell other ill effects. Later this land may be developed as sport complex or garden.
(iii) Disadvantage: Harmful chemicals present in it may get percolated and pollute the ground water.

Solid waste carried to outskirts and dumped. Their effects are:
(i) Waste comes in contact with water sources and pollute it.
(ii) It becomes habitat to microorganism and diseases.
(iii) Many wetlands get choked.
(iv) Death of aquatic ecosystem due to eutrophication.

Following are the effects of waste generation:
(i) Landscape degeneration means, the quality of land is getting reduced.
(ii) Pollution of air, water and soil.
(iii) It results into health problems for the people coming in contact with waste.
(iv) Loss of terrestrial and aquatic life.

(i) Composting involves the microbial action on biodegradable waste to dispose them. It does not cause ecological damage.
(ii) Open dumping disposal method is cheapest and easiest in which waste is dumped outside the residential area. But this method is not eco-friendly.

(i) Spoilage of landscape is due to improper disposal wastes, especially solid waste.
(ii) As cities are overcrowded, people throw the garbage in whatever place available.
This causes the landscape to get spoilt.

(i) Ghanta gadi means the bell-ringing vehicle provided by Municipal Corporations for point-to-point collection of Municipal Solid Waste.
(ii) This reduces the garbage being thrown on roads and in water bodies and thus play important role in reducing the impact of waste.

Following are the reasons for this:
(i) The landfill may give out a bad odour and also cause pollution of land.
(ii) Landfills results into the contamination of surrounding water supplies, aquifers and soil by leachate.That is why, these sites are away in order to reduce the impact of waste.

It is important due to the following reasons:
(i) It helps in better waste management.
(ii) It helps to conserve natural resources.
(iii) It helps in controlling pollution.

(i) Plastics do not get naturally disintegrated very easily and their disposal becomes big issue.
(ii) They block rivers, streams, drainage pipes too and cause big environmental concern.
That is why, plastic must be banned.

(i) Disposal of gaseous waste is a big problem.
(ii) Trees absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen.
That is why this gaseous waste gets managed effectively. Moreover, trees increase the beauty of the surrounding and their decayed matter produce humus.

(i) Reuse aims at making good use of previously used items, without processing them.
(ii) Reuse prevents objects or materials from becoming waste and thus helps to reduce environmental degradation due to pollution.

(i) Recycling paper, plastic, wood, metals, etc. save our existing forests and other national resources.
(ii) It is helpful in protecting ecosystems and wildlife.
(iii) Recycling helps in lowering the waste generation.
There are many such advantages and that is why recycling must be encouraged.

Govt. of India has given the responsibility to the Ministry of Urban Development to prepare the municipal solid waste manual for urban local bodies for the easy and environment friendly waste management.

(i) Waste is hazardous in some way or the other way.
(ii) There is a great need to manage it but Government cannot implement safe disposal methods without the cooperation of people. That is why, awareness about it is important.

(i) These processes except for hydroelectricity generation need, fossil fuels which not only pollute the air, but also the water and land.
(ii) Their disposal is a big concern as they are injurious. That is why, Judicious use of electric power, fossil fuel are the need of hour not only to reduce waste but also conserve the natural resources.

Following are the reasons for this:
(i) We save the natural resource.
(ii) We save the money.
(iii) We generate less waste and cause less pollution.

(i) Compost is rich in nutrients which can be used in gardens, horticulture, urban agriculture and organic farming.
(ii) The compost itself is beneficial for the land in many ways, including as a soil conditioner, a fertilizer, and addition of vital humus and as a natural pesticide for soil.

(i) Dumped waste material spoils the beauty of the environment.
(ii) Such waste materials produce foul odour due to decomposition.
(iii) Rainwater and run-off from the dumping ground may carry pollutants and toxic substances and can pollute the sources of water. That is why, it's not a correct method.