Infrared rays are of much longer wavelength than that of γ rays. The wavelength of infrared rays lies between 8000 Å to 107 Å while that of γ rays lies between 0.001 Å to 0.1 Å.
A radioactive carbon nucleus $_6C^{14}$ emits a β-particle to form a nitrogen nucleus. Represent the change by an equation showing the atomic and mass number of each elements.
Answer
${ }_6^{14} C$
$\longrightarrow{ }_7^{14} N \quad+{ }_{-1} e ^0$
How does the position of an element change in the periodic table when it emits out a beta particle?
Answer
When an element emits out a beta particle, a new element is formed with properties similar to those of an element one place later in the periodic table.
An atomic nucleus A is composed of 84 protons and 128 neutrons. It emits an α-particle and is transformed into nucleus B. Write down the composition of B.
Answer
A emits an α-particle, so in the nucleus of B, neutrons will be 128 – 2 = 126 and protons will be 84 – 2 = 82.
When an alpha particle gains two electrons it becomes neutral and becomes an atom of an element which is a rare gas. What is the name of this rare gas?
How does the position of an element change in the periodic table when it emits out an alpha particle?
Answer
When an element emits out an alpha particle, a new element is formed with properties similar to those of an element two places earlier in the periodic table.
A radioactive nucleus undergoes a series of decays according to the sequence $ X \xrightarrow{\beta} X _1 \xrightarrow{\alpha} X _2 \xrightarrow{\alpha} X _3 $ If the mass number and atomic number of $X_3$ are 172 and 69 respectively, what is the mass number and atomic number of $X$ ?