Geography [5 Mark Question Answer]

1. This picture shows the Green Revolution which came to India in the 1960‘s under the supervision of Dr. Norman Borlaug.
2. The Indian government encouraged fanners to grow new dwarf and semi-dwarf varieties of seed particularly of wheat in the plains of Punjab and Haryana.
3. The main demerits of this revolution were.

1. It leads to over-dependence on fertilizers and pesticides.
2. Unemployment, as new machinery, replaced manual labour.
3. It was confined to rich farmers as the cost of fertilizers, hybrid „ seeds, pesticides were high.
4. The farm water polluted with fertilizers and pesticides is affecting human health.

Green Revolution is the increase in the production of food grains in the 1960’s in India.
Its main features are :

1. Traditional agricultural practices gave way to modem and scientific methods of cultivation.
2. There was a marked decrease in shifting agriculture in many parts of India.
3. In India, farmers had the opportunity for multiple cropping, thereby increasing their income considerably.
4. The genetically improved high yielding varieties of seeds of wheat, rice, and maize were the most important component of the Green Revolution.

Coffee is a tropical and sub-tropical plant that grows well on hill slopes. Tropical coffee grows best between 1,200 m and 2,000 m. Sub-tropical coffee grows best at altitudes between 600 m and 1,200 m. It is sensitive to frost and direct heat and therefore grows well in the shade of evergreen trees. Coffee requires rainfall between 160 cm and 200 cm annually. Humidify ranging between 70 and 80 percent is ideal for the growth of coffee. Coffee plantations must avoid strong sunshine and heavy monsoon rains for better growth. Soil should be rich and fertile and well-drained. Labour for plucking, sowing, weeding, pruning, packaging, and handling of coffee should be well-trained, skilled, and cheap.