[2 Mark Question Answer]

Question 12 Marks

Write short $(2-3$ sentences$)$ note on $\text{AIDS}.$

Answer

$\text{AID’S} ($Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome$)$ : It is a viral disease caused by the virus called $\text{HIV}$ $($Human immuno deficiency virus$)$ This virus makes the defence mechanism of the human body very weak. The immune system in the body as $\text{W.B.C}$. becomes weak. Thus the person catches the infectious diseases very easily. This disease spreads through sexual contact as one of the partner may be carrier of the disease. It may spread through the blood transfusion and infected syringes, blades of the barbers, it may infect the developing baby through the blood by the mother. It is very deadly disease.

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Question 22 Marks

Write short $(2-3$ sentences$)$ note on pathogen.

Answer

The germs that cause diseases to human beings and to other animals and plants are called pathogens. They spread the diseases from person to person or through the air or through the articles of the diseased persons. Pathogens may be different kinds of bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoans or worms.

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Question 32 Marks

Write short $(2-3$ sentences$)$ note on immunisation.

Answer

It means, we make the body immune to certain diseases by introducing respective weakened germs into the body. Thus we develop resistance to the concerned disease this process is called immunisation. The germs or the material introduced into the body to make it resistant to the concerned disease is called vaccine. This produces antibodies in the body of the person and the person can be saved by these antibodies. The vaccine can be given by the injection or orally as polio drops, tap vaccine for typhoid, $\text{BCG}$ vaccine for tuberculosis.

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Question 42 Marks

Write short $(2-3$ sentences$)$ note on Disease.

Answer

Disease is a departure from normal health due to structural or functional disorder of the body. Disease may be due to deficiency of nutrients or malfunctioning of organs or $1$ genetic disorders, improper metabolic activity, or allergies, or cancer and mental illness as diabetes, haemophilia, leukemia, schizophrenia.

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Question 52 Marks

What are communicable diseases ?

Answer

Those disease which spread from one person to another by the entry of microorganisms are known as communicable diseases.
Diseases which spread from an infected person to a healthy person are called communicable or infectious diseases. These diseases are caused through infections by microbes called pathogens.
Example : Cholera, typhoid, cold, malaria, $\text{AIDS}.$

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Question 62 Marks

Given a crossword puzzle. Read the clues across and clues downward, and fill up the blank squares. Check up your performance with the correct solution given at the end.
Clues across
$1.$ Category of the pathogen that causes diseases, like common cold and mumps.
$2.$ These may readily grow in your hair if you do not wash it regularly.
$3.$ This is the vaccine for preventing tuberculosis.
$4.$ Cover this part of your body by a handkerchief while sneezing to prevent droplet infection to others.
$5.$ The disease pertussis is popularly known as whooping
$6.$ One of the most common insects which visit our exposed foods and contaminates them.
$7.$ A disease that weakens the body’s defense system

$8.$ Germ or germ – substance introduced into the body to prevent the occurrence of an infectious disease.
$9$. A disease in which the eyes, the skin, and the urine turn yellow.
$10.$ An organ usually affected by tuberculosis.
$11.$ A disease caused by the bite of an infected dog, and which affects the central nervous system.

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BIOLOGY [2 Mark Question Answer]

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