BIOLOGY [2 Mark Question Answer]

The given dentition is that ofa herbivore because there are no canines present in the dentition. Canines are required by carnivores as they help in holding and tearing of food. The teeth of herbivores are used for cutting, gnawing, and biting, while the teeth of carnivores are sharper and more suited for catching, killing and tearing the prey.

Organ	Enzyme	Food acted upon	Find product
Stomach	Pepsin	Proteins	Polypeptide
Mouth	Amylase	Starch	Disaccharide
Ileum	Maltase	Maltose	Glucose

Roughage is a dietary fiber that largely consists of cellulose. It cannot be digested by our body as our body does not contain cellulose-digesting enzymes.
Examples of roughage:

1. Fruits
2. Green leafy vegetables

It is very important to chew our food thoroughly as chewing of food helps to break down complex food materials into simpler substances.The act of chewing stimulates the salivary glands to release saliva. The saliva helps to moisten the food and form bolus, which can be swallowed easily. Saliva also contains special enzymes that help to break down carbohydrates.

Vitamins are used in their original form by the cells. They do not require digestion. They are either water soluble or fat soluble, hence no enzyme is required to digest vitamins. They are absorbed directly from the digestive tract, transported by blood to the cells, and the cells absorb and use them whenever they need. Besides, vitamins themselves act as catalysts or enzymes in essential chemical reactions that take place in the body.

SUBSTRATE	END PRODUCTS
Starch	Maltose
Proteins	Small peptides and amino acids
Fats	Fatty acids and glycerol

The small intestine is the most important organ of the digestive system as it serves both, for digestion and absorption.It receives two digestive juices; the bile and the pancreatic juice in the duodenum. These two juices virtually complete the digestion of starch, proteins, carbohydrates, etc. After the breakdown of food, the small intestine absorbs simple substances such as glucose, amino acids, etc.