BIOLOGY [5 Mark Question Answer]

Whole grainatta, fruits and green leafy vegetables are the chief sources of roughage.
(1) Roughage does not provide any nutrients to our body. It still has nutritive value and is essential for the proper functioning of the gut.
(2) It absorbs a lot of water and retains it. In this way, it keepsfaecalmatter soft preventing constipation.
(3) It combines with intestinal waste and makes it bulky.
(4) It helps in the formation of stools and helps our body to expel the undigested waste food.
(5) Roughage expands the intestinal lumen and helps in slow and smooth movement of food through the gastrointestinal tract. This movement is required for proper and complete digestion of food and for the elimination of intestinal waste.
(6) Roughage stimulates secretion from the digestive tract and also helps in removal of cholesterol, fatty secretory substances and toxins from the body.

Need for food by the body:
(1) Growth:Food is necessary for building new protoplasm or cells. This helps in the growth of an organism.
(2) Repair:Food provides materials for the repair of worn out or damaged cells and tissues.
(3) Energy:We obtain energy from food. This energy is required for carrying out various life functions.
(4) Maintenance:Nutrients obtained through food help to maintain the chemical composition of cells.
(5) Provision of raw materials:Raw materials required for the synthesis of products such as enzymes, hormones, sweat, milk, etc. are obtained through food.
(6) Protection: Food provides protection from diseases and infection.