CHEMISTRY [1 Mark Question Answer]

ppm is parts per million, i.e. share in 1,000,000.

Cigarette smoking is harmful not only for the one who is smoking but also for those sitting nearby, and so one should avoid smoking. Tobacco smoke causes lung cancer and asthma.

Particulate pollutants are dust, smoke, mist, spray, and fumes.

Nitrogen oxides cause cancer in humans.

Smog can cause respiratory diseases and also leads to suffocation.

Mercuric compounds cause Minamata disease

Lead impairs our metabolic process, thereby affecting our health.

Smoke particles cause asthma and other respiratory diseases.

Using CNG causes less pollution. It does not contain lead, and it has a low maintenance costs.

Fluorides adversely affect teeth and bone

Toxic and otherwise harmful substances which have an undesirable impact on different components of the environment and life forms are known as pollutants.

Two natural sources of atomospheric pollution:

1. The decay of plants and animals
2. The disintegration of rocks and soil

Heating of the Earth and its environment due to solar radiation trapped by carbon dioxide and water vapour in the atmosphere is called a greenhouse effect.

Acid rain has serious ecological impacts as it affects water bodies too. Water in lakes and rivers is gradually becoming acidic due to acid rain. This adversely affects aquatic life.

It removes calcium and potassium (elements of soil), thus making it lose its fertility which ultimately damages forests.

Acid rain causes loss of nutrients from plants, thus damaging their leaves.

The main causes of acid rain are the formation of mineral acids such as carbonic acid, nitric acid, and sulphuric acid during rains.

Automobiles, factories, industrial processes and decay of crop residue in rural areas

Volcanoes, decaying vegetation, forest fires, and dust storms

Sulphur dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons.

Air pollution means degradation of air quality due to the concentration of harmful contaminants that affect human, plant and animal lives.

Toxic and otherwise harmful substances which have an undesirable impact on different components of the environment and life forms are known as pollutants.

Pollution may be defined as contamination of air, water or soil by undesirable amounts of materials or heat and is caused by the concentration of substances that have harmful effects.