Geography [3 Mark Question Answer]

There are two types of ocean currents e.g., warm and cold currents. The current which flows from warm tropical region to cooler temperate and polar region is called warm current and the current flowing from polar areas towards temperate and equational regions is called cold current, e.g. Gulf stream is a warm current and Labrador current is called cold current.

On account of the continuous rotation of the earth and revolution of the moon around the earth, whenever the moon comes in the front of the earth, tide takes place at an interval of 24 hours and 52 minutes and at the same time on the opposite side of the earth the interval is of 12 hours and 26 minutes.
The factors responsible for this time interval are the rotation of the earth and the rotation and revolution of the moon.

Oceanic water movement is affected by the rotation of the earth e.g. earth’s movement from west to east compels water to move from east to west as North and South equatorial current along with a contour equatorial current. Secondly, the direction of planetary winds motivates currents as the trade winds push forcefully towards polewards and afterward by the Westerlies towards North East as warm currents touching North American eastern and European Western coast. Thirdly, the level of salinity makes the water move less saline water to move saline water.

The major effects of currents are visualised by the distinct effect of the Worm Gulf Stream on the climate of eastern. North. American region and the western region of Europe and the oceanic trade routes joining the most industrialised regions of the world. On the other hand, the cold current of Benguela keeps the South African Western Coast mild and cool. Kuroshio warm current keeps the eastern coast of Japan ideal for fishing.

Waves are oscillatory movement in the water, manifested by an alternate rise and fall of the sea surface. Every wave has a wavelength, velocity, height, and wave period. The rise and fall of seawater due to gravitational forces of the sun and the moon are called tides. The sea waves produced by tides are called tidal waves. Ocean currents are large masses of surface water that circulate in regular patterns around the ocean. It is of two types warm and cold.

Warm currents of Gulf Stream has made the climate of eastern North America and Western Europe mild and pleasant for ideal industrial life and developed oceanic routes for trade. In the same way, warm Kuroshio current has made Japan a progressive country by leading in fishing occupation supporting the economy of Japan, Apart from this violent storms also follow the meeting places of warm and cold currents, e.g., Hurricanes in America and typhoons in China and Japan.