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Physics M.C.Q (1 Marks)

Electric Field and Potential · Jharkhand Board (JAC) STD 12 Science (Jharkhand - English Medium). 14 questions.

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M.C.Q (1 Marks)

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14 questions · auto-graded multiple-choice test.

MCQ 11 Mark
The electric field and the electric potential at a point are E and V respectively.
  • A
    If E = 0, V must be zero.
  • ✓
    If V = 0, E must be zero.
  • C
    If $\text{E}\neq0,$ V cannot be zero.
  • D
    If $\text{V}\neq0,$ E cannot be zero.
Answer
Correct option: B.
If V = 0, E must be zero.
Electric field is negative gradient of electric potential.
$\text{E}=-\text{grad}(\text{V})$
$\text{E}=-\frac{\text{dV}}{\text{dr}}$
If $\text{E}=0$
$-\frac{\text{dV}}{\text{dr}}=0$
This implies
V = constant.
A constant can be zero or a quantifiable number.
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MCQ 21 Mark
Figure, shows some of the electric field lines corresponding to an electric field. The figure suggests that,
  • A
    $\mathrm{E}_{\mathrm{A}}>\mathrm{E}_8>\mathrm{E}_{\mathrm{e}}$
  • B
    $\mathrm{E}_{\mathrm{A}}=\mathrm{E}_{\mathrm{B}}=\mathrm{E}_{\mathrm{e}}$
  • ✓
    $ \mathrm{E}_{\mathrm{A}}=\mathrm{E}_{\mathrm{C}}>\mathrm{E}_{\mathrm{B}}$
  • D
    $ \mathrm{E}_{\mathrm{A}}=\mathrm{E}_{\mathrm{C}}<\mathrm{E}_{\mathrm{B}}$
Answer
Correct option: C.
$ \mathrm{E}_{\mathrm{A}}=\mathrm{E}_{\mathrm{C}}>\mathrm{E}_{\mathrm{B}}$
Higher separation, Lower electric field. Because Electric field inversly proportional the square of separation.
$ \mathrm{E}_{\mathrm{A}}=\mathrm{E}_{\mathrm{C}}>\mathrm{E}_{\mathrm{B}}$
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MCQ 31 Mark
When the separation between two charges is increased the electric potential energy of the charges.
  • A
    Increases.
  • B
    Decreases.
  • C
    Remains the same.
  • ✓
    May increase or decrease.
Answer
Correct option: D.
May increase or decrease.
When the separation between two charges is increased, the electric potential Energy of charge may incease or decrease.
If Both charge are like charge then electric potential energy of charge decreases.
$\text{U}=\frac{\text{k}\text{q}_1\text{q}_2}{\text{r}}$
If Both charge are unlike charge then electric potential energy of charge increases.
$\text{U}=\frac{-\text{kq}_1\text{q}_2}{\text{r}}$
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MCQ 41 Mark
Two equal positive charges are kept at points A and B. The electric potential at the points between A and B (excluding these points) is studied while moving from A to B. The potential.
  • ✓
    Continuously increases.
  • B
    Continuously decreases.
  • C
    Increases then decreases.
  • D
    Decreases then increases.
Answer
Correct option: A.
Continuously increases.

$\text{V}=\frac{\text{KQ}}{\text{r}}$
V → Electric Potential

$\text{V}_\text{p}=\frac{\text{KQ}}{\text{x}}+\frac{\text{KQ}}{\text{r}-\text{x}}=\frac{\text{KQ}\text{r}}{\text{x}(\text{r}-\text{x})}$
$\frac{\text{dvp}}{\text{dx}}=\frac{-\text{kQr}(\text{r}-2\text{x})}{\big(\text{r}(\text{r}-\text{x})\big)^2}=0$

$\text{r}=2\text{x},\ \text{x}=\frac{\text{r}}{2}$
$\text{V}_\text{Pmin}=\frac{\text{KQ}}{\frac{\text{r}}{2}}+\frac{\text{KQ}}{\frac{\text{r}}{2}}=\frac{4\text{KQ}}{\text{r}}$ at $\Big(\text{x}=\frac{\text{r}}{2}\Big)$
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MCQ 51 Mark
Consider the situation of figure. The work done in taking a point charge from $P$ to A is $W_A$, from $P$ to $B$ is $W_B$ and from $P$ to $C$ is $W_C$.
  • A
    $ W_A $
  • B
    $W_A>W_B>W_C $
  • ✓
    $W_A=W_B=W_C$
  • D
    None of these.
Answer
Correct option: C.
$W_A=W_B=W_C$

Electric Potential at $A '$ due to $q\ ' þ \text{V}_\text{A}=\frac{\text{Kq}}{\text{r}}$
Electric Potetial at $B '$ due to $ q\ ' þ \text{V}_\text{B}=\frac{\text{Kq}}{\text{r}}$
Electric potential at $c\ '$ due to $q\ ' þ \text{V}_\text{C}=\frac{\text{Kq}}{\text{r}}$
Work done $=-\text{D}_\text{u}=-\text{q}\text{DV}$
Let at $'P\ ', V_p = 0$
Here $\text{V}_\text{A}=\text{V}_\text{B}=\text{V}_\text{C}$
The work done is taking a point charge from $P$ to $A, B C$ is same.
So, $\text{W}_\text{A}=\text{W}_\text{B}=\text{W}_\text{C}$
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MCQ 61 Mark
Mark out the correct options.
  • ✓
    The total charge of the universe is constant.
  • B
    The total positive charge of the universe is constant.
  • C
    The total negative charge of the universe is constant.
  • D
    The total number of charged particles in the universe is constant.
Answer
Correct option: A.
The total charge of the universe is constant.
The total charge (Positive + negative) oif the universe is constant.
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MCQ 71 Mark
If a body is charged by rubbing it, its weight
  • A
    Remains precisely constant.
  • B
    Increases slightly.
  • C
    Decreases slightly.
  • ✓
    May increase slightly or may decrease slightly.
Answer
Correct option: D.
May increase slightly or may decrease slightly.
If a body is charged by rubbing it, its weight may increase slightly or may decrease slightly.
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MCQ 81 Mark
A point charge q is rotated along a circle in the electric field generated by another point charge Q. The work done by the electric field on the roatating charge in one complete revolution is:
  • ✓
    Zero.
  • B
    Positive.
  • C
    Negative.
  • D
    Zero if the charge Q is at the centre and nonzero otherwise.
Answer
Correct option: A.
Zero.

In a circle Electric field due tot 'Q' is always perpendicular to the displacement oifthe charge 'q'.
Workdone $=\vec{\text{F}}.\vec{\text{d}}$
$=\big(\text{q}\vec{\text{E}}\big).\vec{\text{d}}=\text{q}\big(\vec{\text{E}}.\vec{\text{d}}\big)=0$
$\therefore\vec{\text{E}}\ \bot\ \vec{\text{d}}$
Workdoen by the Electric field on the rotating charge in one complete revolution is zero.
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MCQ 91 Mark
The electric field in a region is directed outward and is proportional to the distance $r$ from the origin. Taking the electric potential at the origin to be zero,
  • A
    It is uniform in the region.
  • B
    It is proportional to $r$.
  • ✓
    It is proportional to $r^2$.
  • D
    It increases as one goes away from the origin.
Answer
Correct option: C.
It is proportional to $r^2$.
$\text{DV}=-\text{E}.\text{dr}$
Given $(\text{E}\propto\text{r})$
$(\text{V}-0)=-\text{E}.\text{dr}$
$þ\text{E}\propto\text{r}^2$
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MCQ 101 Mark
An electric dipole is placed in an electric field generated by a point charge.
  • A
    The net electric force on the dipole must be zero.
  • B
    The net electric force on the dipole may be zero.
  • C
    The torque on the dipole due to the field must be zero.
  • ✓
    The torque on the dipole due to the field may be zero.
Answer
Correct option: D.
The torque on the dipole due to the field may be zero.
In the uniform Electric field the net electric force on the dipole is alwas zero.

In uniform Electric field the torque on the dipole due to field may be zero.

T = 0
Here t Þ Torque
$\text{T}=2\text{qEl}\sin\text{q }\otimes\neq0$
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MCQ 111 Mark
If a positive charge is shifted from a low-potential region to a high-potential region, the electric potential energy.
  • ✓
    Increases.
  • B
    Decreases.
  • C
    Remains the same.
  • D
    May increase or decrease.
Answer
Correct option: A.
Increases.
Explanation:
Electric Potential Energy $=\text{q}\text{Dv}$
$=\text{q}(\text{v}_\text{f}-\text{v}_\text{i})$
If positive charge is shifted from a Low potential region to a High-Potential region, then electric Potential Energy increases.
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MCQ 121 Mark
A proton and an electron are placed in a uniform electric field.
  • A
    The electric forces acting on them will be equal.
  • ✓
    The magnitudes of the forces will be equal.
  • C
    Their accelerations will be equal.
  • D
    The magnitudes of their accelerations will be equal.
Answer
Correct option: B.
The magnitudes of the forces will be equal.
Explanation:
Proton contain positive charge $=1.6 \times 10^{-19}=\mathrm{e}$
Electron contain negative charge $=-1.6 \times 10^{-19}=-\mathrm{e}$
Force inoniforma electric field is =qE
$\therefore$ The Magniludes of Electric force is equal But direction of electric force is opposite to each other.
mass of proton $=1.67 \times 10^{-27} \mathrm{Kg}$.
mass of electron $=9.1 \times 10^{-31} \mathrm{Kg}$.
So that Magnitudes of their acceleration will be unequal.
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MCQ 131 Mark
The electric field at the origin is along the positive x-axis. A small circle is drawn with the centre at the origin cutting the axes at points A, B, C and D having coordinates (a, 0), (0, a), (-a, 0), (0, -a) respectively. Out of the points on the periphery of the circle, the potential is minimum at.
  • ✓
    A
  • B
    B
  • C
    C
  • D
    D
Answer
Correct option: A.
A
Explanation:



$\text{E}=\text{E}_0\hat{\text{i}}$ (Given)

(Potential at A):-

$\text{V}_\text{A}=\big(\text{E}_0\hat{\text{i}}\times\text{a}\hat{\text{i}}\big)=\text{E}_09$

(Potential atB):-

$\text{V}_\text{B}=\big(\text{E}_0\hat{\text{i}}\times\text{a}\hat{\text{i}}\big)=0$

(Potential at C):-

$\text{V}_\text{C}=\big(\text{E}_0\hat{\text{i}}\times(-\text{a})\text{i}\big)=\text{E}_0\text{a}$

(Potential atD):-

$\text{V}_\text{D}=(\text{E}_0\hat{\text{i}}\times(-\text{a})\hat{\text{j}})=0$
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MCQ 141 Mark
An electric dipole is placed in a uniform electric field. The net electric force on the dipole.
  • ✓
    Is always zero.
  • B
    Depends on the orientation of the dipole.
  • C
    Can never be zero.
  • D
    Depends on the strength of the dipole.
Answer
Correct option: A.
Is always zero.

Net Electric force $= F_A+ F_B$
$= -qE + qE$
$= 0$
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