3 Marks Question

Question 13 Marks

The population of a city decreased from $25,000$ to $24,500 .$ Find the percentage decrease.

Answer

The decreased population of a city from $25,000$ to $24,500 .$
Population decreased $=25,000-24,500=500$
Decreased Percentage $=\frac{\text { Population decreased }}{\text { Original population }} \times 100=\frac{500}{25000} \times 100=2 \%$
Hence, the percentage decreased is $2 \%$.

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Question 23 Marks

Reena’s mother said, to make idlis, you must take two parts rice and one part urad dal. What percentage of such a mixture would be rice and what percentage would be urad dal$?$

Answer

In terms of ratio, we write this as Rice : Urad dal $= 2 : 1.$
Now, $2 + 1 = 3$ is the total of all parts.
This means $\frac{2}{3}$ part is rice and $\frac{1}{3}$ part is urad dal.
Then, the percentage of rice would be $\frac{2}{3} \times 100 \%=\frac{200}{3}=66 \frac{2}{3} \%$
Percentage of urad dal would be $\frac{1}{3} \times 100 \%=\frac{100}{3}=33 \frac{1}{3} \%$

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Question 33 Marks

Rahul bought a sweater and saved $₹200$ when a discount of $25\%$ was given. What was the price of the sweater before the discount?

Answer

Rahul has saved $₹200$ when price of sweater is reduced by $25\%.$ This means that $25\% $ reduction in price is the amount saved by Rahul.
$25\%$ of the original price $= ₹200$
Let the price $($in $₹)$ be $P$
So, $25\%$ of $P = 200$ or $\frac{25}{100} \times $P = 200
or, $\frac{P}{4}= 200$ or $P = 200 \times 4$
Therefore, $P = 800$

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Question 43 Marks

The cost of a flower vase is $₹120.$ If the shopkeeper sells it at a loss of $10\%,$ find the price at which it is sold.

Answer

Given that Cost price $(CP) = ₹120$ and Loss percent $= 10.$
Loss is $10\%$ of the cost price
$= 10\%$ of $₹ 120$
$=\frac{10}{100} \times 120 = ₹12$
Therefore $SP = CP\ –$ Loss
$= ₹ 120 – ₹ 12 = ₹ 108$
Thus, we get the $SP$ as $₹ 108.$

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Question 53 Marks

The number of illiterate persons in a country decreased from $150$ lakhs to $100$ lakhs in $10$ years. What is the percentage of decrease$?$

Answer

Here, Original amount $=$ the number of illiterate persons initially $= 150$ lakhs.
Amount of change $=$ decrease in the number of illiterate persons $= (150 – 100)$ lakhs $= 50$ lakhs
Therefore, the percentage of decrease
$=\frac{\text { amount of change }}{\text { original amount }} \times 100=\frac{50}{150} \times 100=33 \frac{1}{3}$

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