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Question 11 Mark
Is the distilled water acidic/basic/neutral? How would you verify it?
Answer
Distilled water is neutral in nature. The same can be verified by using red and blue litmus papers. Neither will show a colour change with distilled water. This proves that distilled water is neutral.
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Question 21 Mark
Ammonia is found in many household products, such as window cleaners. It turns red litmus blue. What is its nature?
Answer
Ammonia is basic in nature as it turns the colour of red litmus paper to blue.
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Question 31 Mark
Give examples of some acids and bases.
Answer
Curd, lemon juice, vinegar, orange juice etc. are acids and baking soda, lime water etc. are bases.
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Question 41 Mark
Fill in the blank.
Phenolphthalein gives _________ colour with lime water.
Answer
Phenolphthalein gives pink colour with lime water.

Note: Lime water is basic.

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Question 71 Mark
Mark $‘T’$ if the statement is true and $‘F’$ if it is false: Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid neutralise each other and form salt and water. $(T/ F)$
Answer
True.
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Question 91 Mark
Why acids do not show acidic behaviour in absence of water?
Answer
Acids do not show acidic behaviour in absence of water because hydrogen ions dissociates from an acid only in the presence of water.
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Question 101 Mark
Name three organic acids which are used by us as food ingredients.
Answer
The three organic acids used as ingredients are citric acid, tartaric acid and ascorbic acid.
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Question 111 Mark
Rena is trying to wash turmeric stain on her cloth with soap, she noticed the stain colour changed to red, explain why?
Answer
Turmeric is a natural indicator which when reacts with bases turns it into red colour; here soap solution is basic so it turns red.
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Question 141 Mark
State whether the following statement are true or false. Correct the false statement. Phenolphthalein is a natural indicator.
Answer
False.
Phenolphthalein is synthetic indicator.
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Question 171 Mark
Red litmus paper is dipped in a solution; it remains red, what is the nature of the solution?
Answer
Red litmus paper when dipped in a solution, if it remains red then the nature of the solution is neutral.
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Question 201 Mark
Complete the following reaction: $\mathrm{HCl}+\mathrm{NaOH} \rightarrow+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$
Answer
$NaCl.$
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Question 211 Mark
What is the test for acids and bases using litmus paper?
Answer
Acids turn blue litmus paper red while bases turn red litmus paper blue.
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Question 221 Mark
Fill in the blank. Turmeric and litmus are _________ acid-base indicators.
Answer
Turmeric and litmus are natural acid-base indicators.
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Question 241 Mark
What do you mean by neutral substance, explain with examples?
Answer
The substances which are neither acidic, nor basic are called neutral substance. These substances neither turn blue litmus red nor red litmus blue, for example distilled water, sugar solution etc.
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Question 251 Mark
Blue litmus paper is dipped in a solution. It remains blue, what is the nature of the solution?
Answer
Basic.
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Question 261 Mark
Define $pH.$
Answer
$pH$ is the measure of Acidity or Alkalinity of a solution. The term $pH$ stands for negative log of hydrogen ion concentration.
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Question 271 Mark
What is meant by ‘basicity’ of an acid?
Answer
Basicity is the measure of basic nature in an acidic substance.
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Question 281 Mark
Paheli observed that most of the fish in the pond of her village were gradually dying. She also observed that the waste of a factory in their village is flowing into the pond which probably caused the fish to die. If the factory waste is acidic in nature, how can it be neutralised?
Answer
If the factory waste is acidic in nature, it can be neutralised by adding basic substances.
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Question 291 Mark
Name the acid present in lemon juice and tomato.
Answer
Citric acid in lemon juice and oxalic acid in tomato.
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Question 311 Mark
Mark $‘T’$ if the statement is true and $‘F’$ if it is false: Indicator is a substance which shows different colours in acidic and basic solutions. $(T/ F)$
Answer
True.
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Question 321 Mark
State whether the following statement are true or false. Correct the false statement. Lemon water is basic in nature.
Answer
False.
Lemon water is acidic in nature.
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Question 331 Mark
What name is given to those substances which do not change the colour of either red or blue litmus paper?
Answer
What name is given to those substances which do not change the colour of either red or blue litmus paper?
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Question 341 Mark
Name a substance which is used to cure the discomfort caused by indigestion due to over eating.
Answer
Milk of magnesia which contains magnesium hydroxide (base) is used to neutralise the effect of excessive acid in stomach.
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Question 351 Mark
Fill in the blank. Lemon juice and vinegar taste ________ because they contain_______.
Answer
Lemon juice and vinegar taste sour because they contain acids.
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Question 361 Mark
Which acid is injected into our body by an ant sting that causes pain?
Answer
The acid is formic acid which is injected into the skin of a person when an ant bites.
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Question 371 Mark
State whether the following statement are true or false. Correct the false statement. Calamine can be used to treat ant’s sting.
Answer
True.
Calamine is basic in nature, while ant’s sting is acidic. Thus, calamine causes relief from the sting.
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Question 381 Mark
State whether the following statement are true or false. Correct the false statement.
Lime water turns red litmus blue.
Answer
True.
Lime water is basic.
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Question 421 Mark
Mark $‘T’$ if the statement is true and $‘F’$ if it is false:
Sodium hydroxide turns blue litmus red. $(T/ F)$
Answer
False.
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Question 431 Mark
Why is carbonic acid added to soft drinks?
Answer
Carbonic acid is added to soft drinks to make it fizzy. When the bottle is opened, the pressure decreases and the carbonic acid changes into carbon dioxide and water making it fizzy.
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Question 441 Mark
Ammonia is found in many household products, such as window cleaners. It turns red litmus blue. What is its nature?
Answer
Ammonia is basic in nature as it turns the colour of red litmus paper to blue.
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Question 451 Mark
What is the use of litmus test?
Answer
To test the nature of a substance for an Acid or a base or a neutral, litmus test is performed in which the Acid turns blue litmus red, Bases turn red litmus blue and has no effect on neutral substance.
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