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Question 12 Marks
The percentages of marks obtained by a student in six unit tests are given below:
Unit test
$I$
$II$
$III$
$IV$
$V$
$VI$
Percentage of marks obtained
$53$
$72$
$28$
$46$
$67$
$59$
A unit test is selected at random. What is the probability that the student gets more than 60% marks in the test?
Answer
Number of tests in which he gets more than $60\%$ marks $= 2$
Total numbers of tests $= 6$
$\therefore$ Required probability $=\frac{\text{Number of tests in which he gets more than $60\%$ marks}}{\text{Total number of trials}}$
$=\frac{2}{6}=\frac{1}{3}$
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Question 22 Marks
The marks obtained by $90$ students of a school in mathematics out of $100$ are given as under:
Marks
$0 - 20$
$20 - 30$
$30 - 40$
$40 - 50$
$50 - 60$
$60 - 70$
$70$ and above
Number of students
$7$
$8$
$12$
$25$
$19$
$10$
$9$
From these students, a student is chosen at random. What is the probability that the chosen student:
$i. $Gets $20\%$ or less marks?
$ii$. Gets $60\%$ or more marks?
Answer
Total number of patients $= 90$
$i.$ Probability that the chosen student gets $20\%$ or less marks $=\frac{7}{90}$
$ii.$ Probability that the chosen student gets $60\%$ or more marks $=\frac{10+9}{90}=\frac{19}{90}$
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Question 32 Marks
On a particular day, at a crossing in a city, the various types of $240$ vehicles going past during a time interval were observed, as under:
Types of vehicle
Two-wheelers
Three-wheelers
Four-wheelers
Frequency
$84$
$68$
$88$
Out of these vehicles, one is chosen at random. What is the probability that the chosen vehicle is a two-wheeler?
Answer
Total number of vehicles going past the crossing $= 240$
Number of two-wheelers $= 84$
Let E be the event that the selected vehicle is a two-wheeler. Then, required probability $= P(E) =\frac{84}{240}=0.35$
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Question 42 Marks
$12$ Packets of salt, each marked 2kg, actually contained the following weights (in kg) of salt:
$1.950, 2.020, 2.060, 1.980, 2.030, 1.970, 2.040, 1.990, 1.985, 2.025, 2.000, 1.980.$
Out of these packets, one packet is chosen at random.
What is the probability that the chosen packet contains more than $2\ kg$ of salt?
Answer
Total number of salt packets $= 12$
Number of packets containing more than 2kg of salt $= 5$
Therefore,
Probability that the chosen packet contains more than $2\ kg$ of salt $=\frac{\text{No. of packets containing more than $2\ kg$ of salt}}{\text{Total number of salt packets}}$
$=\frac{5}{12}$
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