Science Write notes.

(i) The planet nearest to the Earth is 'Mars'.
(ii) Many countries had sent space shuttles towards Mars for various purposes.
(iii) Mars expeditions are very tough and nearly 50% of the expeditions failed.
(iv) Every Indian should feel proud, as scientist from ISRO have made an expedition towards mars, a success. In Nov, 2013 space shuttle was launched towards Mars and in Sept 2014, valuable information was gathered from Mars.

(i) Moon is the natural celestial body from the Earth.
(ii) It is our natural satellite. Therefore, initial explorations are always to the moon.
(iii) Soviet Union, USA, European countries, China, Japan and now India carried out such expeditions towards moon.
(iv) Russia had sent series of space shuttles called Luno towards the moon.
(v) In 1962 to 1972, USA carried out expedition to Moon.
(vi) In 1969, Neil Armstrong was the first man who landed on Moon.

(i) A man-made object which revolves around the Earth in a definite orbit is a satellite of the earth.
(ii) Sputnik was the first artificial satellite launched in 1957.
(iii) Today, there are more than thousand artificial satellites revolving around the earth.
(iv) These satellites use solar energy for their functioning and they are used for various purposes.
(v) Satellites are used for various purposes, like weather satellite, communication satellite, broadcast satellite, etc used for various operation.
(vi) Aryabhatta was the first Indian satellite.

(i) In the second half of the 20th Century, there was a tremendous development in technology, specially space technology. Hence, space shuttles are satellite were developed and launched in the space.
(ii) More than thousand artificial satellites now are revolving around the Earth in various orbits.
(iii) Space Exploration helps to observe, study the various aspects of our solar system and the universe outside the solar system.
(iv) The collective effect of space exploration can be seen in the development of communication technology, weather forecasting and many other fields where artificial satellites are playing very important role in the world today.
(v) Space explorations are basically of two types, a) Satellite revolving around the Earth will study and observe various things happening on or around earth and sending information to the earth. b) Sending satellite outside our solar system to know more about the universe.