Social Studies Anwer in brief - [GEOGRAPHY / POLITICAL SCIENCE]

i. Judiciary in India is seen to be making conscious efforts to make political process transparent. To prevent criminalization of politics, the judiciary has adopted measures like strict punishment to criminals and prohibiting criminals to participate in the political process.
ii. Public policies should be made through interaction with the people and also those who are not in power. To increase political participation of women 50 % seats are kept reserved in local self-governing institutions.

For democracy to be successful in India, the following factors are essential:
1. Vigilant Citizens: Citizens must be alert, educated, and participate actively in the political process rather than just voting.
2. Social Equality: Efforts must be made to remove social inequalities like casteism and communalism so that all groups feel represented.
3. Decentralization of Power: Power should be shared with local self-governing bodies (Gram Panchayats and Municipalities) to involve people at the grassroots level.
4. Strong Opposition: A healthy democracy requires a strong opposition party to keep the ruling government accountable.