Write differences.

Question 14 Marks

Voluntary Group and Involuntary Group.

Answer

Voluntary Group	Involuntary Group
(i) Membership is based on choice.	(i) Membership is based on birth.
(ii) It may be temporary or permanent in nature.	(ii) It is mostly permanent in nature.
(iii) Individual has choice to continue or to leave the membership.	(iii) One cannot leave the membership or it may be difficult to leave the group.
(iv) Example : Political parties, youth organisation, cultural association, etc.	(iv) Example : Family, caste, race, religion, etc.

Question 24 Marks

Primary Group and Secondary Group.

Answer

Primary Group	Secondary Group
(i) Primary group is a group in which relationships are personal, informal, face to face and intimate in nature.	(i) Secondary group is a group in which relationships are impersonal, formal and contractual in nature.
(ii) This group is small in size.	(ii) This group is large in size.
(iii) Relationships are personal, so physical proximity is more.	(iii) Due to formal relationships there is no physical proximity between the members.
(iv) Relations are permanent.	(iv) Relations are temporary.
(v) Behaviour is controlled in an informal way.	(v) Behaviour is controlled in a formal way.
(vi) Example Family, peer group, neighbourhood, etc.	(vi) Example Nation, State, Labour unions, etc.

Question 34 Marks

Ascribed Status and Achieved Status.

Answer

Ascribed Status	Achieved Status
(i) It is based on birth.	(i) Obtained on merit or effort by an individual.
(ii) Related with individual’s biological factors such as age, sex and kinship relations.	(ii) Individuals intelligence, skill, ambition, merit, effort are the bases of this status.
(iii) Absence of mobility as it is static in nature.	(iii) It is more mobile in nature.
(iv) Less significant in modern society.	(iv) More important in modern society.

Question 44 Marks

Small Group and Large Group.

Answer

Small Group	Large Group
(i) Informal in nature and unpatterned.	(i) Formal in nature and patterned.
(ii) Based on informal nature of interaction.	(ii) Based on formal nature of interaction.
(iii) There is personal interaction.	(iii) Personal interaction is difficult.
(iv) Small in size.	(iv) Large in size.
(v) Examples – Family, Dyad-Triad, Kin group.	(v) Examples-Race, Nation, State, University.

Question 54 Marks

Role and Status.

Answer

Role	Status
(i) Role is defined as the function assumed or part played by a person or thing in a particular situation.	(i) Status is defined as the official classification given to a person, country or organisation, determining their rights or responsibilities.
(ii) A role is the part our society expects us to play in a given status.	(ii) Status is our relative social position within a group.
(iii) The person behaves in accordance with one’s position in the society.	(iii) The status of a person is known according to their prestige and power in society.
(iv) Roles are of different types, example, role strain, role conflict, role performance, etc.	(iv) Status are of two types, example, ascribed status and achieved status.

Sociology Write differences.