Write short notes on given topics.

Question 12 Marks

Horizontal distribution of air pressure.

Answer

The heat received from the sun is uneven in different regions.
The distribution of temperature is uneven from the equator to the poles.
This difference can lead to difference in air pressure.
There are four air pressure belts formed on the earth surface.
Equatorial low-pressure belt between 5°N and 5°S parallels as the temperature is high here.
Mid latitudinal high-pressure belt between 25° and 35° parallels due to descending heavier air.
Subpolar low-pressure belt formed between 55° and 65° parallels due to friction and rotation.
Polar high-pressure belt formed between 80° and 90° parallels due to low temperatures.

Question 22 Marks

Mid-latitudinal high pressure belts.

Answer

The heated air from the equatorial region becomes lighter, starts ascending and after reaching higher altitudes, moves towards the polar region, i.e., towards the North and the South Pole.
Due to low temperatures at the higher altitudes, the air cools down and becomes heavier.
This heavier air descends down in both the hemispheres in the region between 25° to 35° parallels.
This leads to the formation of high pressures, belts in these parallels of latitudes in both the hemispheres.
This air is dry, hence the region does not get rainfall.
Consequently, most of the hot deserts on the earth are found in these regions.

Geography Write short notes on given topics.