Geography Write short notes on given topics.

(2) For example,

(3) Compass or blade of grass is used if the ruler is not available for the measurement.

(4) A thread is used for measuring the curved distances between two points shown in a map.

(5) When the map is reduced or enlarged by taking its photo copy, the linear scale drawn on the original map changes as per the changing size of the map.

1. Numerical scale: A scale in which distances are expressed as ratio is called numerical scale.
2. For example, 1:10000. It is also known as representative fraction.
3. In numerical scale, the same measuring unit is used for the figures on the left hand side and right hand side. However, no words are used to indicate this measuring unit.
4. In numerical scale, number 1 on the left hand side indicates the distance between any two points on a map. On the other hand, the number 10000 on the right hand side indicates the ground distance between those two points.
5. When the map is reduced or enlarged by taking its photo copy, the numerical scale on the original map does not change.

3. In verbal scale, the word indicating measurement on the left hand side indicates the distance between any two points on a s map. On the other hand, the word indicating 1 measurement on the right hand side! indicates the ground distance between those two points.

4. When the map is reduced or enlarged by taking its photo copy, the verbal scale on the original map does not change.