Coal and petroleum Science - Coal and petroleum

Which of the following is used as a reducing agent in the extraction of iron metal?

One of the following is not an exhaustible source of energy. This one is:

Which one of the following is not a fossil fuel?

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The least polluting fuel for vehicles is ............ .

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The slow process of conversion of dead vegetation into coal is called ..........

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Fossil fuels are ..........., ............ and ...........

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The process of separation of different constituents from petroleum is called ........... .

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The burning of fossil fuels causes air.............. and also leads to global ............. .

Name the petroleum product which is commonly used for electric generators.

Which product of coal is used as a reducing agent in the extraction of metals?

Name the petroleum product used to drive heavy vehicles.

Name an important source from which naphthalene balls are obtained.

Name the most common fuel used in light motor vehicles.

What happens when coal is heated in air? State the uses of coal.

What is CNG? State its one use.

State (a) two uses of kerosene, and (b) two uses of paraffin wax.

Name the process by which plant material (or vegetation) buried deep under the earth was slowly converted into coal.

Name three useful products of coal.

What is meant by exhaustible natural resources? Name any two exhaustible natural resources.

Why are petrochemicals so important?

Which material is called ‘black gold’? Why?

Explain why, fossil fuels are exhaustible natural resources.

What are the advantages of using natural gas (or CNG) as a fuel?

The fossil fuel P is formed under the earth by the decomposition of vegetable matter lying under water by the action of anaerobic bacteria. The major component of fuel P is Q. The fossil fuel P is used as a source of gas R needed to manufacture nitrogenous fertilisers. When P is filled in metal cylinders and used as a fuel in motor vehicles, it is called S. What are P, Q, R and S?

The substance W is a fossil fuel. It occurs deep below the ground in certain areas of the earth. Another fossil fuel X is found trapped above the deposits of W. When W is subjected to a process called Y, then a number of different products are collected at different temperature ranges which are put to different uses. A special grade of product Z obtained in this way is used as aviation fuel in jet aeroplanes.

1. What are (i) W, and (ii) X ?
2. What is the physical state of (i) W, and (ii) X ?
3. Name the process Y.
4. Name the product Z.

Describe how coal was formed. What is this process called?

What are the major products (or fractions) of petroleum refining? Give one use of each petroleum product.

The material A is a fossil fuel which is extracted from the earth. It is said to be formed from the buried, large land plants by a very slow process B. When A is heated in the absence of air in a process called C, then it gives three products D, E and F. The product D is used as a reducing agent in the extraction of metals, the product E is used as an industrial fuel whereas the product F has been traditionally used for metalling the roads.

1. What could material A be?
2. What is (i) physical state, and (ii) colour, of A?
3. Name the processes (i) B, and (ii) C.
4. What are (i) D, (ii) E, and (iii) F?