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Question 15 Marks
Aasheesh can paint his doll in 20 minutes and his sister Chinki can do so in 25 minutes. They paint the doll together for five minutes. At this juncture they have a quarrel and Chinki withdraws from painting. In how many minutes will Aasheesh finish the painting of the remaining doll?
Answer
Aasheesh can paint a doll in 20 minutes, and Chinki can do the same in 25 minutes.
\(\therefore\) Work done by Aasheesh in 1 minute \(=\frac{1}{20}\)
Work done by Chinki in 1 minute \(=\frac{1}{25}\)
\(\therefore\) Work done by them together \(=\frac{1}{20}+\frac{1}{25}\)
\(=\frac{5+4}{100}=\frac{9}{100}\)
\(\therefore\) Work done by them in 5 minute \(=5\times\frac{9}{100}=\frac{9}{20}\)
Remaining work \(=1-\frac{9}{20}=\frac{11}{20}\)
It is given that the remaining work is done by Aasheesh.
The work done by Aasheesh in 20 minutes.
\(\therefore\frac{11}{20}\text{th}\) work will be done by Aasheesh in \(\Big(20\times\frac{11}{20}\Big)\)minutes or 11 minutes.
Thus, the remaining work is done by Aasheesh in 11 minutes.
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Question 25 Marks
A and B can do a piece of work in 18 days; B and C in 24 days and A and C in 36 days. In what time can they do it, all working together?
Answer
Time taken by (A + B) to do the work = 18 days
Time taken by (B + C) to do the work = 24 days
Time taken by (A + C) to do the work = 36 days
Now,
Work done by (A + B) \(=\frac{1}{18}\)
Work done by (B + C) \(=\frac{1}{24}\)
Work done by (A + C) \(=\frac{1}{36}\)
\(\therefore\) Work done together = (A + B)+ (B + C) + (A + C)
\(=\frac{1}{18}+\frac{1}{24}+\frac{1}{36}\)
\(=\frac{4+3+2}{72}=\frac{9}{72}\)
\(=\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\therefore\) Work done together = 2(A + B + C) \(=\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\therefore\) Work done by (A + B + C) \(=\frac{1}{16}\)
 Thus, together they can finish the work in 16 days.
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Question 35 Marks
A and B can do a piece of work in 6 days and 4 days respectively. A started the work; worked at it for 2 days and then was joined by B. Find the total time taken to complete the work.
Answer
A can do a work in 6 days, and B can do the same work in 4 days.
\(\therefore\) Work done by A in 2 days \(=\frac{2}{6}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Remaining work \(=1-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\therefore\) Work done by (A + B) in 1 day \(=\Big(\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{4}\Big)\)
\(=\frac{2+3}{12}=\frac{5}{12}\)
\(\because \frac{5}{12}\text{th}\) work is done by A and B in 1 day
\(\therefore\frac{2}{3}\text{rd}\) work will be done by A and B in \(\Big(\frac{12}{5}\times\frac{2}{3}\Big)\) days or \(\frac{8}{5}\) days
\(\therefore\) Total time taken \(=\Big(\frac{8}{5}+2\Big)\) days \(=\frac{18}{5}\) days \(=3\frac{3}{5}\) days.
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Question 45 Marks
A and B can do a piece of work in 12 days; B and C in 15 days; C and A in 20 days. How much time will A alone take to finish the work?
Answer
Time taken by (A + B) to do the work = 12 days
Time taken by (B + C) to do the work = 15 days
Time taken by (A + C) to do the work = 20 days
Now,
Work done by (A + B) \(=\frac{1}{12}\)
Work done by (B + C) \(=\frac{1}{15}\)
Work done by (A + C) \(=\frac{1}{20}\)
\(\therefore\) Work done together = (A + B) + (B + C) + (A + C)
\(=\frac{1}{12}+\frac{1}{15}+\frac{1}{20}\)
\(=\frac{5+4+3}{60}=\frac{12}{60}\)
\(=\frac{1}{5}\)
\(\therefore\) Work done together = 2(A + B + C) \(=\frac{1}{5}\)
\(\therefore\) Work done by (A + B + C) \(=\frac{1}{10}\)
\(\therefore\) Work done by A alone = (A + B + C) - (B + C)
\(\frac{1}{10}-\frac{1}{15}=\frac{3-2}{30}=\frac{1}{30}\) 
Thus, A alone can do the work in 30 days.
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Question 55 Marks
A, B and C can reap a field in \(15\frac{3}{4}\) days; B, C and D in 14 days; C, D and A in 18 days; D, A and B in 21 days. In what time can A, B, C and D together reap it?
Answer
Time taken by (A + B + C) to do the work \(=15\frac{3}{4}\) days \(=\frac{63}{4}\) days
Time taken by (B + C + D) to do the work = 14 days
Time taken by (C + D + A) to do the work = 18 days
Time taken by (D + A + B) to do the work = 21 days
Now,
Work done by (A + B + C) \(=\frac{4}{63}\)
Work done by (B + C + D) \(=\frac{1}{14}\)
Work done by (C + D + A) \(=\frac{1}{18}\)
Work done by (D + A + B) \(=\frac{1}{21}\)
\(\therefore\) Work done by working together = (A + B + C)+ (B + C + D) + (C + A + D) + (D + A + B)
\(=\frac{4}{63}+\frac{1}{14}+\frac{1}{18}+\frac{1}{21}\)
\(=\frac{4}{63}+\Big(\frac{9+7+6}{126}\Big)=\frac{4}{63}+\frac{22}{126}\)
\(=\frac{4}{63}+\frac{11}{63}=\frac{15}{63}\)
\(\therefore\) Work done by working together = 3(A + B + C + D) \(=\frac{15}{63}\)
\(\therefore\) Work done by (A + B + C + D) \(=\frac{15}{63\times3}=\frac{5}{63}\)
Thus, together they can do the work in \(\frac{63}{5}\) days or \(12\frac{3}{5}\) days
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Question 65 Marks
Two taps A and B can fill an overhead tank in 10 hours and 15 hours respectively. Both the taps are opened for 4 hours and they B is turned off. How much time will A take to fill the remaining tank?
Answer
Pipe A can fill the tank in 10 hours, and pipe B can fill the tank in 15 hours.
\(\therefore\) In 1 hour, A can fill \(=\frac{1}{10}\text{th}\) part of the tank.
In 1 hour, B can fill \(=\frac{1}{15}\text{th}\) part of the tank.
\(\therefore\) In 1 hour, A and B can fill \(\Big(\frac{1}{10}+\frac{1}{15}\Big)\)
\(=\frac{3+2}{30}=\frac{5}{30}=\frac{1}{6}\)th part of the tank
\(\therefore\) In 4 hours, A and B can fill \(\Big(\frac{1}{6}\times4\Big)=\frac{2}{3}\text{rd}\) part of the tank
Remaining part of the tank \(=1-\frac{2}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Now, A can fill the tank in 10 hours.
\(\therefore \frac{1}{3}\text{rd}\) part of the tank can be filled by A in \(\Big(\frac{1}{3}\times10\Big)\) hours or \(\frac{10}{3}\) hours or \(3\frac{1}{3}\) hours.
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Question 75 Marks
A cistern has two inlets A and B which can fill it in 12 hours and 15 hours respectively. An outlet can empty the full cistern in 10 hours. If all the three pipes are opened together in the empty cistern, how much time will they take to fill the cistern completely?
Answer
Time taken by tap A to fill the cistern = 12 hours
Time taken by tap B to fill the cistern = 15 hours
Let C be the outlet that can empty the cistern in 10 hours.
Time taken by tap C to empty the cistern = 10 hours
Now,
Tap A fills \(\frac{1}{12}\text{th}\) part of the cistern in 1 hour.
Tap B fills \(\frac{1}{15}\text{th}\) part of the cistern in 1 hour.
Tap C empties out \(\frac{1}{10}\text{th}\) part of the cistern in 1 hour.
Thus, in one hour, \(\Big(\frac{1}{12}+\frac{1}{15}-\frac{1}{10}\Big)\text{th}\) part of the cistern is filled.
We have:
\(\frac{1}{12}+\frac{1}{15}-\frac{1}{10}=\frac{10+8-12}{120}=\frac{6}{120}=\frac{1}{20}\)
Thus, in 1 hour, \(\frac{1}{20}\text{th}\) part of the cistern is filled.
Hence, the cistern will be filled completely in 20 hours if all the three taps are opened together.
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Question 85 Marks
A and B can do a piece of work in 20 days and B in 15 days. They work together for 2 days and then A goes away. In how many days will B finish the remaining work?
Answer
It is given that A can finish the work in 20 days and B can finish the same work in 15 days
\(\therefore\) Work done by A in 1 day \(=\frac{1}{20}\)
Work done by B in 1 day \(=\frac{1}{15}\)
\(\therefore\) Work done by (A + B) in 1 day \(=\frac{1}{20}+\frac{1}{15}\)
\(=\frac{3+4}{60}=\frac{7}{60}\)
\(\therefore\) Work done by (A + B) in 2 days \(=\frac{14}{60}=\frac{7}{30}\)
Remaining work \(=1-\frac{7}{30}=\frac{23}{30}\)
It is given that the remaining work is done by B.
\(\because\) Complete work is done by B in 15 days.
\(\therefore\frac{23}{30}\) of the work will be done by B in \(\Big(15\times\frac{23}{30}\Big)\) days or \(\frac{23}{2}\) days or \(11\frac{1}{2}\) days.
Thus, the remaining work is done by B in \(11\frac{1}{2}\) days. 
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Question 95 Marks
Two taps A and B can fill an overhead tank in 10 hours and 15 hours respectively. Both the taps are opened for 4 hours and they B is turned off. How much time will A take to fill the remaining tank?
Answer
Pipe A can fill the tank in 10 hours, and pipe B can fill the tank in 15 hours.
\(\therefore\) In 1 hour, A can fill \(=\frac{1}{10}\text{th}\) part of the tank.
In 1 hour, B can fill \(=\frac{1}{15}\text{th}\) part of the tank.
\(\therefore\) In 1 hour, A and B can fill \(\Big(\frac{1}{10}+\frac{1}{15}\Big)\)
\(=\frac{3+2}{30}=\frac{5}{30}=\frac{1}{6}\)th part of the tank
\(\therefore\) In 4 hours, A and B can fill \(\Big(\frac{1}{6}\times4\Big)=\frac{2}{3}\text{rd}\) part of the tank
Remaining part of the tank \(=1-\frac{2}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Now, A can fill the tank in 10 hours.
\(\therefore \frac{1}{3}\text{rd}\) part of the tank can be filled by A in \(\Big(\frac{1}{3}\times10\Big)\) hours or \(\frac{10}{3}\) hours or \(3\frac{1}{3}\) hours.
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Question 105 Marks
A can do a piece of work in 40 days and B in 45 days. They work together for 10 days and then B goes away. In how many days will A finish the remaining work?
Answer
It is given that A can finish the work in 40 days and B can finish the same work in 45 days
\(\therefore\) Work done by A in 1 day \(=\frac{1}{40}\)
Work done by B in 1 day \(=\frac{1}{45}\)
\(\therefore\) Work done by (A + B) in 1 day \(=\frac{1}{40}+\frac{1}{45}\)
\(=\frac{9+8}{360}=\frac{17}{360}\)
\(\therefore\) Work done by (A + B) in 10 days \(=10\times\frac{17}{360}=\frac{17}{36}\)
Remaining work \(=1-\frac{17}{36}=\frac{19}{36}\)
It is given that the remaining work is done by B.
\(\because\) Complete work is done by B in 45 days.
\(\therefore\frac{19}{36}\) of the work will be done by B in \(\Big(45\times\frac{19}{36}\Big)\) days or \(23\frac{3}{4}\) days.
Thus, the remaining work is done by B in \(23\frac{3}{4}\) days.
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