Science [1 Mark Questions]

Oxygen and carbon-dioxide.

Alveoli.

"Glomerulus" is the diminutive of the Latin "glomus" meaning "ball of yarn." Glomerulus In the kidney, a tiny ball-shaped structure composed of capillary blood vessels actively involved in the filtration of the blood to form urine. The glomerulus is one of the key structures that make up the nephron, the functional unit of the kidney.

Pepsin.

Saliva.

Bronchi.

Capillaries.

Glomerulus present in kidneys.

Blood flow through vein does not exert pressure on the walls of veins. Due to this, they do not need thick walls. Hence, veins have thin walls as compared to arteries.

When soil moisture is high, movement of water and dissolved minerals from soil into root hair and finally to the root xylem cells build up root pressure which in turn pushes the water up the xylem vessels. The increased soil moisture and the high root pressure causes increased rate of water absorption which in turn forces water droplets to come out from stomata. Stomatal transpiration creates transpiration pull which in turn carry the water and minerals up in stem thereby decreasing root pressure.

Mucus protects the stomach from corrosion by HCl and pepsin of gastric juice. In the absence of mucus, the lining layer of stomach wall will be corroded forming gastric ulcers. There will be excessive acidity and extreme discomfort.

Guard cells.

No Rainfall: Rate of photosynthesis decreases due to wilting of leaves, closure of stomata and reduced availability of hydration.

Plant kept in continuous light will live longer because it will be able to produce oxygen required for its respiration by the process of photosynthesis.

Alveoli.

1. Right side.
2. Left side.

The Right Atrium is the chamber of human heart which receives de-oxygenated blood.

Ventricles.

Atria.

Phloem.

1. Herbivores.
2. Carnivores.
3. Omnivores.

The normal respiration rate for an adult at rest is 12 to 20 breaths per minute. Arespiration rate under 12 or over 25 breaths per minute while resting is considered abnormal.

Dialysis.

Photosynthesis.

Carbon-dioxide, water vapour and oxygen.

Photosynthesis.

Heart needs valves to prevent the backflow of blood so that the blood flows only in one direction.

Lactic acid.

Trachea does not collapse even when there is no air in it because it is supported by rings of soft bones called cartilage.

Amoeba has no special organs for exchange of gases. It breathes due to diffusion through the surface.

Peristaltic movements.

The walls of small intestine has finger like projections like villi which increases the surface area for absorption.

1. Oxygen.
2. Carbon-dioxide.

Plants remain fixed at a place because they do not need to move in search of food. As a result, plants do not need to have locomotion, the way animals do. Moreover, most of the movements of substances in plants happen through passive transport; which does not need energy. Due to this, the energy requirement in plants is low as compared to animals.

Urine is formed in the kidneys through a filtration of blood. Theurine is then passed through the ureters to the bladder, where it isstored. During urination, the urine is passed from the bladder through the urethra to the outside of the body.

Significance of transpiration:

1. It creates transpiration pull to facilitate ascent of sap.
2. Ascent of sap is necessary to make water available for photosynthesis.
3. It helps a plant to get rid of excess water.

Alcohol.

Nutrition is required by every organism for various purposes. An organism needs energy to carry out various metabolic activities, and this energy comes from nutrients present in food, which is the most potential source of nutrition.

Lymph is a colorless liquid which is released out of the tissues. It is so because lymph contains only WBCs and not RBCs. Since the WBCs are colorless, lymph is also colorless. It has the same mineral composition as that of the plasma.

Glycogen is an energy rich carbohydrate stored in large quantities in liver and muscle cells.

Platelets are the cells which help in coagulation clotting of blood. Platelets are also known as thrombocytes. Platelets in the blood are small sticky cells that gather when a blood vessel is injured and form a sticky plug to quell the bleeding. instead of being proper cells they are the cell fragments which are produced by megakaryocytic. They are 1.5 lakh to 3.5 lakh per cubic millimeter of blood.

Lenticels.

Glucose passes through the glomerulus alongwith the filtrate and gets collected in the Bowman’s capsule.

Leaves.

Peristalsis is rhythmic contraction of muscular wall of alimentary canal which in turn pushes the food along the alimentary canal. Peristalsis begins in the esophagus and continues in all the organs of the alimentary canal.

The Vena Cava (the main vein) brings back the whole de-oxygenated blood to the heart from the parts of the body.

Lactic acid.

1. Stomatal transpiration removes the gaseous waste of respiration and photosynthesis.
2. Most of waste products are stored in large central vacuoles. Shedding of old senescing leaves help eradication of these wastes from the plant body.

Digestive enzymes.