2 Marks Questions

Question 12 Marks

Distinguish between Hormone and vitamin.

Answer

Hormone	Vitamin
It is synthesized in the animal body.	It is taken mostly in food.
Hormonal disorders are caused by excess and deficiency of hormones. It may be a peptide, amino acid derivative protein or steroid.	Deficiency of vitamin causes deficiency diseases. Excess of the vitamin is excreted out. A vitamin is a simple organic compound.

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Question 22 Marks

The entire process of photosynthesis consists of a number of reactions. Where in the cell do each of these take place?
i. Synthesis of ATP & NADPH _________
ii. Photolysis of water __________
iii. Fixation of $CO _2$__________
iv. Synthesis of sugar molecule __________
v. Synthesis of starch __________

Answer

i. Synthesis of ATP and NADPH2 takes place at the outer side of the thylakoid membrane.
ii. Photolysis of water takes place at the Inner side of thylakoid membrane.
iii. Fixation of carbon dioxide occurs at the stroma of the chloroplast.
iv. Synthesis of sugar occurs in chloroplast.
v. Synthesis of starch takes place in the cytoplasm

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Question 32 Marks

What is the chemical equation to express photosynthesis?

Answer

A simple word equation that can be used to describe the process of photosynthesis is
Carbon dioxide + Water → Glucose + Oxygen + Water.
A balanced chemical equation for the process can be written as

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Question 42 Marks

How does a gap junction facilitate intercellular communication?

Answer

Gap junctions are fine hydrophilic channels between two adjacent animal cells. These are formed with the help of two protein cylinders; called connexions. Gap junctions allow small signaling molecules to pass from one cell to another and thus they facilitate intercellular communication. Movement through gap junctions is controlled by pH and $Ca ^{2+}$ concentration.

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Question 52 Marks

Write the proper order of taxonomic categories starting from top to the bottom.

Answer

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus and Species.

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Question 62 Marks

Name the three basic tissue systems in the flowering plants. Give the tissue names under each system.

Answer

On the basis of their structure and location, there are three types of tissue systems:
a. Epidermal tissue system. Epidermis, stomata.
b. Ground or Fundamental tissue system and: Parenchyma, Sclerenchyma and collenchyma
c. Vascular or conducting tissue system. Phloem and Xylem.

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