Economics 1 Marks Question

The important environmental issues which should receive our attention are:

1. Land degradation,
2. Biodiversity loss.

With the help of photovoltaic cells, solar energy can be converted into electricity. This technology is extremely useful for remote areas and for places where supply of power through grid or power lines is either not possible or proves to be very costly.

The PCBs collect, collate and disseminate technical and statistical data relating to water pollution. They monitor the quality of water.

'Appiko' movement took place in Karnataka.

No, cutting down of trees is not justified at all as it leads to serious environmental problems related to soil erosion and desertification. It also adversely affects the ground water table. The life of animals and birds is also adversely affected.

Mini-hydel plants are environment friendly as they do not change the land use pattern in areas where they are located. Also, they generate enough power to meet local demands.

Renewable resources are those resources that can be replenished or renewed naturally over time. Air, water, wind, solar energy etc. are all renewable resources.

'Ozone depletion has been caused by high levels of chlorine and bromine compounds in the stratosphere. The origin of these compounds is chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). CFCs are used as cooling agents in air conditioners or refrigerators, or as aerosol propellants, and bromofluorocarbons (halons) used in fire extinguishers.

Sustainable development is a process of economic development which aims at raising the quality of life of both present and future generations without threatening natural endowment and environment.

Fossil fuel.

'Absorptive Capacity' means the ability of the environment to absorb degradation.

Global warming is a gradual increase in the average temperature of the earth's lower atmosphere, as a result of the increase in green house gases, since the Industrial Revolution.

1974

Neem based pesticide is environment friendly.

Trees in the forests.

Non-renewable resources are those natural resources that are available in limited quantity. These resources cannot be renewed or replenished in short duration. Therefore they are also known as exhaustible resources.

It refers to the phenomenon of reduction in the amount of ozone in the stratosphere.

Environment is defined as the total planetary inheritance and the totality of all elements - biotic and abiotic.

1. Interdependent.

2. Deforestation.

Overuse of environmental resources:

1. Use of non-renewable resources like coal & gas beyond a sustainable limit have lead to their rapid depletion, they have still not been substituted by renewable resources.
2. Unplanned irrigation systems & flood control facilities have led to drying up of several rivers.

1. Problem of pollution.
2. Problem of excessive exploitation of natural resources.

1. Cattles.

1. Population control.
2. Water management.

1. Loss of vegetation due to deforestation.
2. Shifting cultivation.
3. Forest fires and overgrasing.

Rocks and sunlight.

Environment assimilates waste.

Birds and forests.

"Carrying capacity" implies that the resource extraction is not above the rate of regeneration of resources and the waste generated are within the assimilating capacity of the environment.

Snakes, owls, peacock, lizards, etc help in biopest control.

In order to address three major environmental concerns in India, viz water, air and land pollution, the government set up the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in 1974.

Chipko Movement and Appiko Movement.

1. Use of environment-friendly sources of energy.
2. Shift to organic farming.