Economics 1 Marks Question

Health infrastructure includes hospitals, doctors, nurses and other para-medical professionals, beds, equipment required in hospitals and a well developed pharmaceutical industry.

The improvement in child sex ratio in India is due to the measures taken by the government to ban sex-determination tests and female feticide.

Coal and Petroleum.

The two categories of infrastructure are economic infrastructure and social infrastructure.

The infrastructure which has a direct impact on production of goods and services like communication and energy etc. is called 'economic infrastructure'.

Conventional sources of energy are those which have a long history of their knowledge and use.

For a developing economy, social infrastructure like education, health, housing and sanitation, and economic infrastructure related to banking and finance are important.

Infrastructure refers to the system which provides supporting services in the main areas of industrial production, agricultural production, domestic and foreign trade and commerce. These services include roads, railways, ports, airports, dams, power stations, oil and gas pipelines, telecommunication facilities, schools and colleges, hospitals etc.

Rural women still use bio-fuels such as crop residues, animal dung and fuel wood to meet their daily energy requirements.

States which are lagging behind in healthcare rob are Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar TEC Pradesh.

Solar energy and tidal power.

Infrastructure related to transport and communication affect access to healthcare.

SEBs suffer losses due to transmission and distribution, theft of electricity, wrong pricing of electricity and other inefficiencies. The distribution of free electricity to farmers is another reason for their losses.

There are five major sources of electricity.
(a) Water, (b) Coal, (c) Oil, (d) Gas, (e) Radioactive elements like uranium, thorium and plutonium.
Electricity generated from water is called Hydro-Electricity.
Electricity generated from coal, oil or gas is called Thermal- Electricity.
Electricity generated from radio active elements is called Nuclear Energy.
At present capacity is 62% in thermal sector, 22.5 in hydro and 2.5% in the nuclear and rest is in other sectors. In terms of power generation, Thermal's contribution is maximum i.e., 72.5%, hydro 14.5% and nuclear 2.5 and others are contributing 10%.

Growth leads to increase in demand for infrastructure and whenever there is increase in demand of something. There is also increase in its supply, if there is unused potential. It is shown with the help of a diagram.

Overall energy scene is none-too-happy.It is evident from:

1. The reduced level of self-sufficiency in oil.
2. The yawning gap between power demand and supply.
3. The declining share of hydel power in total power generation.
4. The increasing dependence on coal imports.
5. The insignificant commercialisation of non-traditional sources of energy.
6. Huge transmission and distribution loses.

Energy is the lifeline of entire production activity. We cannot think a day when we can be without electricity power, oil or diesel. Thus, we can say that energy is the most important component of infrastructure.

Infrastructure refers to the basic supporting structure which is built to provide different kinds of services in an economy. Infrastructural installations do not directly produce goods but help in promoting production activities in an economy. Examples of infrastructure are: transport, communication, banking, power etc.

Agricultural waste and Firewood.

The sources of energy that are usually available free of cost from nature, are referred to as non-commercial sources of energy. For example, firewood, agricultural waste and dried dung.

Global burden of disease (GBD) is an indicator used by experts to gauge the number of people dying prematurely due to a particular disease, as well as, the number of years spent by them in a state of ‘disability’ owing to the disease.

Medical tourism is choosing some other country for getting medical services.

Morbidity means the tendency to fall ill.

The infrastructure which builds the social sector of the economy like education, health and housing, etc. is called social infrastructure.

Health is the holistic process which is related to the overall growth and development of the nation.

SEWA in Ahmadabad and ACCORD in Nilgiris are the NGOs working in the area of healthcare.

Non-conventional sources of energy are those sources which have been discovered or explored in the recent past.

Two components of social infrastructure are health and education.

(b)

(iii)

(ii)

(i)

S.NO.	Basic	Social Infrastructure	Economic Infrastructure
i.	Meaning	Social infrastructure is directly concerned with the needs of such services which meet the basic needs of a society.	Economic infrastructure is directly concerned with the needs of production sectors.
ii.	Example	Education, health, housing.	Transport, communication, energy etc.

Following are the major indicators of health care:

1. Infant mortality rate.
2. Maternal mortality rate.
3. Life expectancy.
4. Nutrition levels.
5. Global burden of disease.

1. Infrastructure is the support system which determines the efficient working of the modern economy.
2. It contributes to the economic development of a country.

1. Private Public Partnership.
2. Special Purpose Vehicle.

Presence of world class communication facilities has helped Bengaluru to attract many multinational companies and become the hub of IT based industries.

Morbidity refers to the proneness to fall ill.

It only accounts for 2% of total energy consumption in India.

Tidal energy has high capital cost i.e., installation cost. As a result, a tidal power sheme may not produce returns for years. Thus, investors are reluctant to invest in much projects.

One challenge before the power sector of India is that thermal power plants are facing shortage of raw materials and coal supplies.