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Biodiversity and Conservation BIOLOGY - Biodiversity and Conservation

Rajasthan Board (RBSE) - STD 12 Science - BIOLOGY (Rajasthan - English Medium). 534 questions in this chapter.

Question types

Biodiversity and Conservation question types

534 questions across 7 question groups — pick any mix to generate a BIOLOGY paper with step-by-step answer keys.

534
Questions
7
Question groups
5
Question types
Sample Questions

Biodiversity and Conservation questions

One sample from each question group in this chapter. Select any group above to see the full set with answer keys.

Q 2M.C.Q (0.5 Marks)1 Mark
The lion tailed monkeys (Macaca silenus) are found only in:
  • A
    Khaziranga and other parts of Assam.
  • B
    Eastern ghats and Madras.
  • C
    Western ghats including Travancore.
  • D
    Himalayan mountains.
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Q 5M.C.Q (0.5 Marks)1 Mark
One of the most important function of botanical garden is that:
  • A
    One can observe tropical plants there.
  • B
    They allow ex situ conservation of germplasm.
  • C
    They provide the natural habitat for wild life.
  • D
    They provide a beautiful area for recreation.
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Q 61 Marks Question1 Mark
Name the type of biodiversity represented by the following:
  1. 1000 varieties of mangoes in India.
  2. Variation in terms of potency and concentration of reserpine in Rauwolfia vomitoria growing in different regions of Himalayas.
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Q 81 Marks Question1 Mark
Name the unlabelled areas ‘a’ and ‘b’ of the pie chart representing the biodiversity of plants showing their proportionate. Number of species of major taxa.

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Q 101 Marks Question1 Mark
Name the type of biodiversity represented by the following:
  1. 50,000 different strains of rice in India.
  2. Estuaries and alpine meadows in India.
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Q 183 Marks Question3 Marks
The following graph shows the species-area relationship. Answer the following question as directed.

  1. Name the naturalist who studied the kind of relationship shown in the graph. Write the observation made by him.
  2. Write the situations as discovered by the ecologists when the value of 'Z' (slope of the line) lies.
  1. 0.1 and 0.2
  2. 0.6 and 1.2

What does 'Z' stand for?

  1. When would the slope of the line 'b' become steeper?
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Q 203 Marks Question3 Marks
Community Service department of your school plans a visit to a slum area near the school with an objective to educate the slum dwellers with respect to health and hygiene.
  1. Why is there a need to organize such visits?
  2. Write the steps you will highlight, as a member of this department, in your interaction with them to enable them to lead a healthy life.
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Q 224 Marks Questions4 Marks
Of the four major causes for the loss of biodiversity (Alien species invasion, habitat loss and fragmentation, over-exploitation and co-extinctions which according to you is the major cause for the loss of biodiversity? Give reasons in support.
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Q 244 Marks Questions4 Marks
A species-area curve is drawn by plotting the number of species against the area. How is it that when a very large area is considered the slope is steeper than that for smaller areas?
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Q 26Assertion (A) & Reason (B) MCQ1 Mark
For question two statements are given-one labelled Assertion and the other labelled Reason. Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.
  1. Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
  2. Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
  3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
  4. Both assertion and reason are false.
Assertion: Dodo, Passenger pigeon, Stellers sea cow have become extinct due to over exploitation.
Reason: Excessive exploitation of a species, whether animal or plants reduces size of its population so that it becomes vulnerable to extinction.
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Q 27Assertion (A) & Reason (B) MCQ1 Mark
For question two statements are given-one labelled Assertion and the other labelled Reason. Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.
  1. Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
  2. Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
  3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
  4. Both assertion and reason are false.
Assertion: Non-native or exotic species are often introduced in a region for their economic uses.
Reason: Exotic species are considered to be a major cause of extinction of indigenous species.
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Q 28Assertion (A) & Reason (B) MCQ1 Mark
For question two statements are given-one labelled Assertion and the other labelled Reason. Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.
  1. Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
  2. Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
  3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
  4. Both assertion and reason are false.
Assertion: Biodiversity loss is now one of the world's most pressing crisis.
Reason: Lower diversity in a species leads to non-uniformity.
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Q 29Assertion (A) & Reason (B) MCQ1 Mark
For question two statements are given-one labelled Assertion and the other labelled Reason. Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.
  1. Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
  2. Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
  3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
  4. Both assertion and reason are false.
Assertion: The rate of extinction of organisms have increased in recent years.
Reason: Human activities like deforestation, industrialisation, etc., have destroyed the natural habitat of plants and animals.
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Q 30Assertion (A) & Reason (B) MCQ1 Mark
For question two statements are given-one labelled Assertion and the other labelled Reason. Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.
  1. Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
  2. Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
  3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
  4. Both assertion and reason are false.
Assertion: Buffer zone surrounds the core area and limited human activities like resource use strategies, research and education are allowed here.
Reason: There is no biotic interference except in buffer zone.
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Q 31Case study (4 Marks)4 Marks
Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:
Wetlands are called Ramsar sites because the first international convention on their conservation was held in Ramsar in Iran in 1971. Wetlands or Ramsar sites are low lying marshy areas which get filled up during rains due to runoff and overflow from other water bodies. They are often considered to be waste lands which are used as dumping areas and filled up to recover land for various constructions activities. As a result, a large number of wetlands have disappeared.
  1. Select the incorrect match of wetland and its location.
 
Wetland
Location
(a)
Harike
Punjab
(b)
Chandra Tai
H.P.
(c)
Bhoj
M.P.
(d)
Ashtamudi
Odisha
  1. Migratory bird flamingo breeds in which of the following wetlands?
  1. Bhitarkanika Mangroves.
  2. Rann of Kutch.
  3. Harike.
  4. Chandra Tal.
  1. Which of the following is not an importance of wetlands?
  1. They are an important source of recharging groundwater.
  2. They provide protection from floods.
  3. They are good source of siltation and purification of water.
  4. None of these.
  1. Which of the following wetland ecosystem is highly acidic and has a accumulation of decomposed plants known as peat?
  1. Bog
  2. Mangrove
  3. Estuary
  4. Watershed
  1. The mangroves of Bhitarkanika are famous for:
  1. Rare migratory waterbirds.
  2. Nesting sites for endangered olive ridley turtles.
  3. Prawn cultivation.
  4. All of these.
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Q 32Case study (4 Marks)4 Marks
Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:

Biosphere reserves are multipurpose protected areas which are meant for preserving genetic diversity in representative ecosystems of various natural biomes and unique biological communities by protecting wild populations, traditional life style of tribals and domesticated plant/animal genetic resources. Each biosphere reserve has three zones-core, buffer and transition zone.

  1. Which of the following is similar to biosphere reserve in terms of conservation?
  1. Gene banks.
  2. Offsite collection.
  3. Orchards.
  4. Hotspots.
  1. Refer to the given figure representing different zones of a biosphere reserve and select the correct option regarding it.

  1. A-Limited human activity is allowed such as for research and education.
  2. B-An active co-operation occurs between reserve management and local people for activities like cropping, settlements, etc.
  3. C-No human activity is allowed.
  4. None of these.
  1. Refer to the given diagrammatic representation of a biosphere reserve.

Select the incorrect statement regarding X, Y and Z.

  1. X is devoted to strict protection of wildlife and no human activity is allowed in this zone.
  2. In Y, only limited human activity (compatible with conservation) is allowed.
  3. In Z, commercial exploitation of natural resources is allowed.
  4. Tourism is allowed in Z zone only.
  5. Zone Y helps to maintain the lifestyle of the tribal people living in the area.
  1. (iii), (iv) and (v) only
  2. (ii), (iii) and (v) only
  3. (i), (iii) and (iv) only
  4. (ii), (iii) and (iv) only
  1. Biosphere reserves differ from national parks and wildlife sanctuaries because in the former.
  1. Human beings are not allowed to enter
  2. People are an integral part of the system
  3. Plants are paid greater attention than the animals
  4. Living organisms are brought from all over the world and preserved for posterity.
  1. MAB Programme means.
  1. Man and biosphere programme.
  2. Man and biodiversity conservation programme.
  3. Manually aided biosphere conservation programme.
  4. None of these.
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Q 33Case study (4 Marks)4 Marks
Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:
IUCN maintains a Red Data Book or Red List which is a catalogue of taxa facing risk of extinction. The IUCN Red List (2004) documents the extinction of 784 species in the last 500 years. Some examples of recent extinctions include the dodo, quagga, thylacine and Steller's sea cow. The last twenty years alone have witnessed the disappearance of 27 species. Red List has eight categories of species.
  1. Dodo, an extinct taxon, belongs to which country?
  1. Mauritius
  2. Africa
  3. Australia
  4. Russia
  1. To which of the following categories of IUCN, Berberis nilghiriensis belongs?
  1. Extinct.
  2. Extinct in wild.
  3. Endangered.
  4. Critically endangered.
  1. Steller's sea cow and passenger pigeon became extinct due to:
  1. Alien species invasion.
  2. Over-exploitation.
  3. Coextinctions.
  4. Intensive agriculture.
  1. Bali, Javan and Caspian are:
  1. Species of tiger.
  2. Species of cheetah.
  3. Subspecies of cheetah.
  4. Subspecies of tiger.
  1. Select the correct term for the following definitions (i, ii, iii, iv).
  • The taxon is liable to become extinct if not allowed to realise its full biotic potential by providing protection from exotic species/ human exploitation/habitat deterioration/depletion of food.
  • The taxon has been completely eliminated or died out from earth, e.g., Dodo.
  • The taxon is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future due to decrease in its habitat, excessive predation or poaching.
  • They are species with naturally small populations, either localised or thinly scattered, which are always at risk from pests/ pathogens/ predators/ exotic species.
 
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(a)
Threatened
Extinct
Endangered
Rare
(b)
Endangered
Extinct
Threatened
Rare
(c)
Extinct
Rare
Threatened
Endangered
(d)
Threatened
Extinct
Rare
Endangered
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Q 34Case study (4 Marks)4 Marks
Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:

Ginkgo tree has been saved from extinction by selective breeding followed by channeling into trade of nature lovers. This is an ex-situ conservation, where endangered species are protected from all adverse factors. Offspring produced in captive breeding are released in natural habitat for acclimatisation.

  1. What is the significance of offsite collections?
  1. Restock depleted populations.
  2. Protection of endangered species.
  3. Reintroduce species in wild.
  4. All of these.
  1. Which of the following is not an ex-situ conservation?
  1. Wetlands
  2. Orchards
  3. Aquaria
  4. Botanical gardens.
  1. Select the incorrect statements for ex-situ conservation.
  1. It is conservation of species outside their natural habitats.
  2. Endangered species are kept under human supervision and provided all the essentials.
  3. The species population recovers in natural environment.
  4. Both (b) and (c).
  1. Conditions maintained in seed banks for orthodox seeds are:
  1. Low moisture content.
  2. Anaerobic conditions.
  3. Low temperature.
  4. All of these.
  1. Assertion: Animal species which have become extinct in wild continue to be maintained in zoological parks.

Reason: Captive breeding is the conservation of those cases where these is no realistic chance of in-situ survival.

  1. Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
  2. Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
  3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
  4. Both assertion and reason are false.
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Q 35Case study (4 Marks)4 Marks
​​​​Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:

Edward Wilson described diversity at all levels of biological organisation ranging from macromolecules inside the cells to biomes. It is of three inter-related hierarchial levels-genetic diversity, species diversity and conununity ecosystem diversity. Species diversity is the variety in the number and richness of the species of a region. For example, the Western ghats have a greater amphibian species diversity than the Eastern ghats.

  1. The number of species per unit area is called.
  1. Species evenness.
  2. Species richness.
  3. Species equitability.
  4. Both (a) and (c).
  1. The table below gives the population (in thousands) of ten species (A - J) in four areas (I - IV) consisting of the number of habitats given within brackets against each. Study the table and answer the question which follows:
Area and number of habitats
Species and their population (in thousands) in the area
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
I(11)
23
12
0.52
6.0
-
3.1
1.1
9.0
-
10.3
II(11)
10.2
-
0.62
-
1.5
3.0
-
8.2
1.1
11.2
III(13)
11.3
0.9
0.48
2.4
1.4
4.2
0.8
8.4
2.2
4.1
IV(12)
3.2
10.2
1.1
4.8
0.4
3.3
0.8
7.3
1.3
2.1
Which are out of I to IV shows maximum species diversity?

  1. II
  2. III
  3. IV
  4. I
  1. Study the given populations and choose the correct answer in relation to species diversity.
Population
Species
Species
Individuals
Population A
I
Mammals
3
II
Birds
2
III
Amphibians
2
Population B
I
Mammals
2
II
Mammals
2
III
Amphibians
1
Population C
I
Mammals
3
II
Mammals
2
III
Mammals
4

 

 
Maximum diversity
Minimum diversity
(a)
Population B
Population C
(b)
Population A
Population C
(c)
Population A
Population B
(d)
Population B
Population A
  1. The concept of species diversity has two components : evenness and richness. Evenness is based on the relative abundance of species. Richness is based on the total number of species present. Diversity indices combine a measure of richness and evenness. The Simpson index (D) is calculated from the following equations:

$\text{D}=\displaystyle\sum_{\text{i}=1}(\text{n}_\text{i}/\text{N})^2$

where, n = total number of organisms of particular species

N = total number of organisms of all species

Below are data collected in two terrestrial plant conununities that represent part of a successional chronosequence. ln this case the values were measured as percent cover.

Early Successional Community
Late Successional Community
Species
Percent Cover
Species
Percent Cover
A
83
F
24
B
5
G
20
C
9
H
18
D
2
I
23
E
1
J
15
The data indicate that, relative to the early successional community, the late successional community has which of the following characteristics?

 
Species Richness
Evenness
(a)
Higher
Higher
(b)
Higher
Lower
(c)
Same
Lower
(d)
Same
Higher
  1. Select the incorrect statement regarding species diversity.
  1. It results in polymorph formation and is useful in adaptation to changes in environmental conditions.
  2. Number of individuals of different species represent species evenness.
  3. It influences biotic interactions and stability of the community.
  4. It is a trait of the community.
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