Case study (4 Marks)

Question 14 Marks

Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow:
The following is the illustration of the sequence of ovarian events (a-i) in a human female.

i. Identify the figure that illustrates ovulation and mentions the stage of oogenesis it represents. (1)
ii. Name the ovarian hormone and the pituitary hormone that have caused the above-mentioned event. (1)
iii. Explain changes that occur in the uterus simultaneously in anticipation. (2)
OR
Draw a labelled sketch of the structure of a human ovum prior to fertilization. (2)

Answer

i. Figure f illustrates ovulation.
ii. It represents secondary oocyte stage of oogenesis.
-Pituitary hormone -LH
iii. Endometrium proliferates and becomes thicker by rapid cell multiplication development and maturation of ovum is in progress, while the figure 'h' shows that corpus luteum going towards degeneration.
OR

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Question 24 Marks

Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow:
A healthy immune system defends the body against disease and infection. But if the immune system malfunctions, it mistakenly attacks healthy cells, tissues, and organs. Called autoimmune disease, these attacks can affect any part of the body, weakening bodily function and even turning life-threatening.

i. Why are autoimmune diseases called degenerative diseases? (1)
ii. Name the autoimmune disease of body muscles. (1)
iii. Which types of immunity is provided by T-lymphocytes? (2)
OR
Which immune cells form humoral immune system? (2)

Answer

i. In autoimmune diseases, certain body cells undergo degeneration that's why these are called as degenerative diseases.
ii. Myasthemia gravis is an autoimmune disease of body muscles.
iii. Cell-mediated immunity is provided by T-lymphocytes.
OR
B-lymphocytes cells form the humoral immune system.

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BIOLOGY Case study (4 Marks)

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