Social Science [2 Mark Questions]

Talk to the elders in your neighbourhood and try to gather information about the women who own property/ properties. Once you have some names, meet these women and talk to them about how they acquired their properties.

The relation between the Gram Panchayat and the Patwari is a close one. The Gram Panchayat is responsible for levying and collecting local taxes, while the Patwari is responsible for organising the collection of land revenue from farmers.

The Patwari is responsible for measuring land and keeping and updating land records. He is also responsible for organising the collection of land revenue from the farmers and providing information to the government about the crops grown in the area.

A particular police station works for a particular area and all people living in that area are to report any crime, theft, accident or injury of any kind and fights, in their own police station only. The officers also take action on the cases within their jurisdiction. It is the duty of police working at that police station to ensure that they don’t overstep their jurisdiction.

The objective of the Programme was to set up a network of basic services and facilities of social consumption in all the areas upto nationally-accepted norms, within a particular time- frame.

According to this law, women in India can get a share in the family's agricultural land. The daughter is allotted the same share as is allotted to a son. The government passed this act to remove gender discriminatory provisions in the Hindu Succession Act of 1956.

The public services that are available in the villages of India are the milk society, the fair price shop, the bank, the police station, the agricultural society for seeds and fertilizers and the post office etc.

Every police station has an area under its control.

1. All the people of this area can report cases and inform the police station about thefts, accidents, injuries or fights.
2. The police enquires, investigates and takes action on the cases filed with the police station.

The objective of the Programme was to set up a network of basic services and facilities of social consumption in all the areas upto nationally-accepted norms, within a particular time- frame.

'Chowkidar' in a village keeps birth and death record and also works as a messenger between people and gram Panchayat or any government agency related with the welfare of the village.

Courage, confidence, sympathy for victims of crime and weaker sections, capacity to withstand extended working hours, stress management, respect for law, and cool temperament are some of the attitudes needed by the police officers to carry out their jobs effectively.

The Hindu Succession Amendment Act (HSAA) gives the Hindu sons and daughters, an equal right to ancestral property. It is different from the HAS of 195(5 which was biased towards Hindu sons.

The Collector is the principal Revenue Officer and Head of the Revenue Administration in the district. He exercises appellate jurisdiction in revenue cases. The recovery of arrears of land revenue in respect of all Departments is the responsibility of the Collector.

The main functions of the District Collector are as follows- Collector is in charge of law and order administration in the district. He/ She performs the supervisory role over the Police Administration. He/ She advises the Government on various aspects of law and order. He is the pivotal figure in carrying out the developmental programmes.

Till a few years back, woman in Hindu family did not get a share in the family’s agricultural land or ancestral property. After the death of the father, all the land and property was divided equally amongst only the sons of the family and the daughters were denied a share.

SHO is the Station House Officer of an area. He is responsible for maintenance of law and order in the area under the jurisdiction of his police station. He gets FIR filed in case of a complaint and either himself or through his constable gets the matter investigated to take an appropriate action.

The new law of succession- Hindu succession Amendment Act, 2005. In the new law, sons, daughters and their mothers can get an equal share in the family property.

In today's world technology such as computers, mapping software and GIS (geographic information system) software had done wonders to the land records department. The data is easily available to the people and is regularly updated.

India is a vast country with a vast land area. There are more than six lakh villages in India. It is not easy to provide basic necessities like water, electricity and roads to all these villages. It is a tough task involving a lot of effort and expenditure. To keep villages on track, it is necessary to maintain law and order in the village and keep a record of its land and revenue. This is the task of rural administration.

Maintenance of law and order and registering cases of burglary, quarrels and accidents in the police station, conduct investigation on the matters reported and take appropriate legal action.

Farmers may require a copy of his land records due to the following reasons:

1. He/ she wants to sell or buy the land.
2. He/ she wants loan from the bank: To dig tube well or buy tractor etc.
3. When the farmer divides his property.